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77     <H2>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</H2>
78 sng 52 <H3>Offline Documentation: Boot parameters</H3>
79 sng 49 <div style="margin:0; padding: 3px; width: 980; position relative;">
80 sng 112 <div style="position: absolute; left: 0px;"><H4>15/09/2010 - v 3.1.0</H4></div>
81     <div style="position: absolute; right: 0px;"><H4>Last update: 15/09/2010</H4></div>
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88 sng 52 <a class="here" href="../README.html">Offline Documentation</a>
89 sng 49
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93 sng 113
94 sng 49 <!-- docline-top-->
95     <div id="docline-top"> <a href="usb.html">&lt; PREV</a> <a href="../README.html">UP</a> <a href="clonezilla.html">NEXT &gt;</a> </div>
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99     <a name="boot-top"></a>
100    
101    
102     <!-- Intro -->
103    
104     <H2 style="margin-top: 0;"><a name="boot-intro"></a>Intro <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
105     <p>Booting a linux system means loading a kernel, which is actually the operating system. Well, this is not exactly true, and it is not the only thing that happens during boot up phase, but it is not my intension to explain it here.
106     <br><br>
107     The kernel is loaded by Isolinux (the CD boot manager), which is able to pass a number of parameters to it, through its configuration file <b>isolinux.cfg</b>.
108     <br><br>
109     These parameters, called boot parameters, are documented by the kernel itself, and can differentiate its behavior dramatically. In our case, each CD (SystemRescueCD and Clonezilla Live) accept a different set of parameters, because they are based on <a href="http://www.gentoo.org/" target="_blank">gentoo</a> and <a href="http://www.debian.org/" target="_blank">debian</a>, respectively.
110     <br><br>
111     While in the splash screen of <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b>, you can edit the boot parameters by pressing TAB. They will be presented to you, and you can add or remove what you want. You must be careful not to change or remove the parameters that are dedicated to the CD itself, as altering them will certainty make it unbootable. When you are done, just press ENTER to boot.
112     </p>
113    
114    
115     <!-- sysresccd -->
116     <H2><a name="sysresccd"></a>SystemRescueCD boot parameters <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
117     <!-- note -->
118     <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr><td valign="top"><img src="images/info.png"></td><td>
119 sng 77 The following info applies to <b>SystemRescueCD v. 1.5.5</b>. In case<br>
120 sng 49 you need to get info for a more recent version of <b>SystemRescueCD</b><br>
121     please see the page "<a href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Booting_the_CD-ROM" target="_blank">Sysresccd-manual-en Booting the CD-ROM</a>"
122     </td></tr></table></div>
123     <p>A typical sysresccd isolinux entry is:</p>
124    
125     <p class="newcode">kernel rescuecd<br>
126     append initrd=initram.igz video=ofonly</p>
127     <!--empty-line-->
128     <p>The kernel used is <b>rescuecd</b>, and anything after the word <b>append</b> is a boot parameter.<br><br>
129     <!--empty-line-->
130     Available kernels (boot images):</p>
131    
132     <ul class="otherpage" style="padding: 0px 10px 20px 40px">
133 sng 57 <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
134     <!-- SysRescCD documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
135     <!--kernels-Documentation-->
136     <li><b>rescuecd</b> Default for 32bit systems, with Framebuffer disabled, best choice.
137     </li><li><b>rescue64</b> Default 64 bit kernel. Use it if you want to chroot to a 64bit linux system installed on your hard disk, or if you have to run 64 bits programs. This kernel is able to boot with 32bit programs, and it requires a processor with 64bit instructions (amd64 / em64t).
138     </li><li><b>altker32</b> an alternative kernel for 32bit systems. Boot with this kernel if you have problems with <b>rescuecd</b>
139     </li><li><b>altker64</b> an alternative kernel for 64bit systems. Boot with this kernel in case you have problems with <b>rescue64</b>.
140     </li>
141 sng 49 </ul>
142    
143     <p><br>The boot parameters you can use are:</p>
144     <div class="otherpage">
145     <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
146     <!-- SysRescCD documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
147     <!--SysRescCD-Documentation-->
148 sng 57 <a name="General_boot_options" id="General_boot_options"></a><p><b> General boot options</b></p>
149 sng 77 <p>Press &lt;TAB&gt; to add additional options (in SystemRescueCd-1.5 and more recent)
150 sng 49 </p>
151     <ul><li><b>docache</b>: causes the CD-ROM will be fully loaded into memory. A slower start but once complete, programs start faster and the CD drive will be released allowing normal access to other CDs. This requires 400MB of memory to cache everything (including the <code>bootdisks</code> and <code>isolinux</code> directories). Add <code>lowmem</code> if you have less that 400MB of memory of to prevent these directories to be copied.
152 sng 77 </li><li><b>setkmap=kk</b>: which defines the keymap to load where <code>kk</code> (example: <code>setkmap=de</code> for German keyboards). This way you won't be prompted for the keyboard configuration during the boot.
153 sng 57 </li><li><b>root=/dev/xdnp</b>: the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" rel="nofollow">root=&lt;device&gt; option</a> boots an existing linux system. For example, if you have linux Gentoo installed on <code>/dev/sda6</code>, use <code>rescuecd root=/dev/sda6</code> to start it. Keep in mind that you must use a 64bit kernel if your system is made of 64bit programs. This option works with LVM volumes. Use <code>rescuecd root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00</code>. Support is also provided for <code>root=auto</code>, which scans all the block devices tfor a linux system. The first linux system found will be started. So with <code>root=auto</code> let you start the system installed from the CD-ROM in case you have problem with your boot loader or kernel. It's also possible to specify a partition using its <code>filesystem label</code> or <code>filesystem uuid</code>. If the label of the partition where linux is installed is <code>mylinux</code>, then boot it using <code>rescuecd root=LABEL=mylinux</code>. Similarly <code>root=UUID=b3d3bec5-997a-413e-8449-0d0ec41ccba7</code>. See <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" rel="nofollow">more details</a>.
154 sng 49 </li><li><b>initscript=service:action</b>: This options allows start/stop a service at boot time. For instance if you need the samba service to be started, you can boot with: <code>initscript=samba:start</code>. This does the same thing as <code>/etc/init.d/samba start</code>. Use this option multiple times for different services. All the actions that are supported by an initscript can be used.
155 sng 57 </li><li><b>backstore=xxx</b>: SystemRescueCd comes with support for the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" rel="nofollow">backing-stores</a>. A backing-store saves all the changes you can make. so that you keep these changes the next time you boot it. By default, sysresccd automatically scan removable devices (eg: USB sticks) at boot time and uses the first backing-store it finds. A backing-store is not mandatory and it the scan fails it will store the files which change in memory. To disable the disks scan at boot time specify <code>backstore=off</code> on the boot command line. If you want to save your backing-store file on an harddisk, boot with <code>backstore=alldev</code> to scan all devices (not just removable devices). The default location for backing-stores file is any file named <code>sysrcd.bs</code> located at the root of a disk which is often an USB stick. Change the path by using <code>backstore=/sysrcd/mybackstore.bs</code>. See <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" rel="nofollow">backing-stores</a>.
156     </li><li><b>isoloop=xxx</b>: Grub2 (currently in development: grub-1.98) provides a new feature to boot from an ISO image which is stored from the hard disk. If you put a copy of <code>systemrescuecd-x86-x.y.z.iso</code> on a partition that Grub2 can read then you can boot SystemRescueCd directly from the ISO image stored on your hard drive. This is very convenient if you frequently update SystemRescueCd and you want to boot it directly from Grub2. Grub2 knows what an ISO image is and it will load the kernel image (rescuecd/rescue64) and the initramfs (initram.igz) from the ISO into memory. It will then do its normal job and execute the kernel. The SystemRescueCd init script must then be aware that its <code>sysrcd.dat</code> file is in an ISO and not directly on the partition. For that reason, this <code>isoloop=xxx</code> boot option is required so you must use it in your <code>grub.cfg</code>. This option is only supported in SystemRescueCd-1.4.0 and more recent. This option specifies the path of the ISO image in the partition that grub considers as its root partition. It's important to understand that the path of the ISO image may be different from the path on your linux system. If you have a separate boot partition mounted on <code>/boot</code> and if you copy this ISO image to <code>/boot/sysrcd/systemrescuecd-x86-x.y.z.iso</code> then the option has to be <code>isoloop=/sysrcd/systemrescuecd-x86-x.y.z.iso</code>. This is because the boot partition is what Grub2 will consider as its root partition during the boot process. Please read <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Easy_install_SystemRescueCd_on_harddisk#Boot_the_ISO_image_from_the_disk_using_Grub2" title="Sysresccd-manual-en Easy install SystemRescueCd on harddisk">the section about isoloop</a> for more details.
157 sng 49 </li></ul>
158 sng 57 <a name="Hardware.2C_drivers_and_troubleshooting_options" id="Hardware.2C_drivers_and_troubleshooting_options"></a><p><b><br> Hardware, drivers and troubleshooting options</b></p>
159 sng 49 <ul><li><b>dodebug</b>: Enables verbose messages in linuxrc
160     </li></ul>
161 sng 77 <ul><li><b>doload=xxx</b>: loads needed kernel modules, multiple comma separated occurrences are permitted (example: <code>doload=3c59x,e1000</code>)
162     </li><li><b>noload=xxx</b>: prevents loading kernel modules, multiple comma separated occurrences are permitted (example: <code>noload=3c59x,e1000</code>). Use this option if you have a problem when the system loads a particular module.
163 sng 49 </li><li><b>nonet</b>: this will disable the network auto detection at startup
164     </li></ul>
165     <ul><li><b>scandelay=x</b>: pauses x seconds during the startup to allow slow devices to initialize. This is required when you boot an USB device. A delay of only few seconds should be enough.
166     </li></ul>
167     <ul><li><b>doxdetect</b>: Since version 0.3.5 the auto-configuration is done in X.Org itself, mkxf86config is disabled by default. This option forces the system to run the mkxf86config startup script and to run the hardware auto-detection from this script. Use this option if you have problems with the graphical environment configuration. This option replaces the option <code>noxdetect</code> that was useful in previous versions.
168     </li><li><b>nodetect</b>: prevents generic hardware auto-detection. Use this option if you have problems with the hardware auto-detection.
169     </li></ul>
170     <ul><li><b>dostartx</b>: load the X.Org graphical environment.
171     </li><li><b>forcevesa</b>: Forces X.Org to use the safe VESA driver instead of the best video driver detected for your video card. Use this option if you cannot get the graphical environment working with the default options.
172     </li><li><b>forcevesa=xxx</b>: The <code>startx</code> command will load the <code>Xvesa</code> server instead of <code>Xorg</code>, and use the screen resolution given as parameter (eg: <code>1024x768</code>, <code>1280x1024x32</code>).
173     </li></ul>
174     <ul><li><b>all-generic-ide</b>: In case of problems related to your hard disk, try to enable this option (eg <code>rescuecd all-generic-ide</code>)
175     </li><li><b>nodmraid</b>: Disable dmraid, for some motherboards with built-in RAID controller.
176     </li><li><b>nomdadm</b>: Disable mdadm, for software RAID.
177     </li></ul>
178     <ul><li><b>acpi-off</b> / <b>noapic</b> / <b>irqpool</b>: use these options if you have problem when the kernel boots: if it hangs on a driver or if it crashes, ...
179     </li></ul>
180     <ul><li><b>lowmem</b>: For systems with smaller memory, some daemons are not started including sshd and nfsd.
181     </li></ul>
182     <ul><li><b>skipmount=/dev/xxx</b>: The system mounts all the storage devices at boot time to find the sysrcd.dat file. If your hard disk is broken it should be mounted. Boot with <code>skipmount=/dev/sda1 skipmount=/dev/sda2</code> to ignore these two partitions.
183     </li></ul>
184 sng 57 <a name="Network_configuration_and_remote_access" id="Network_configuration_and_remote_access"></a><p><b><br> Network configuration and remote access</b></p>
185 sng 77 <ul><li><b>nonm</b>: to disable the Network-Manager service that conflicts with the standard network command line tools such as <code>ifconfig</code> and <code>ip</code>. You can use this option if you want to configure the network using these commands. This option is not necessary when SystemRescueCd is booting from the network since the service is automatically stopped in that case. This option requires SystemRescueCd-1.5.5 or more recent.
186     </li><li><b>dodhcp</b>: to request a DHCP server provide network attributes including an IP address, gateway...
187     </li><li><b>nodhcp</b>: never run the dhcp client in the initramfs boot script. May be useful if you use PXE boot on a computer with several ethernet interfaces. Support for this option is available in SystemRescueCd-1.5.5-beta2 and more recent
188 sng 49 </li><li><b>ethx=ipaddr/cidr</b>: Sets the static IP address of all the ethernet interfaces on the system. The <code>/cidr</code> extension is optional. For instance, if you use option <code>ethx=192.168.0.1</code> on a machine with two ethernet adapters, both <code>eth0</code> and <code>eth1</code> will be configured with <code>192.168.0.1</code>. You can use the format <code>ethx=10.0.0.1/24</code> (using the cidr notation) if you don't use the default netmask.
189     </li><li><b>eth0=ipaddr/cidr</b>: This option is similar to <code>ethx=ipaddr/cidr</code> but it configures only one interface at a time. To configure the network on a server that has two interfaces, use: <code>eth0=192.168.10.1/24 eth1=192.168.20.1</code>.
190     </li><li><b>dns=ipaddr</b>: Sets the static IP address of the DNS nameserver you want to use to resolve the names. For instance <code>dns=192.168.0.254</code> means that you want to use <code>192.168.0.254</code> as the DNS server.
191     </li><li><b>gateway=ipaddr</b>: Sets the static IP address of the default route on your network. For instance <code>gateway=192.168.0.254</code> means that the computer can connect to a computer outside of the local network via <code>192.168.0.254</code>.
192     </li><li><b>dhcphostname=myhost</b>: Sets the hostname that the DHCP client will send to the DHCP server. This may be required if the default hostname cannot be used with your DHCP configuration. This option has been introduced in SystemRescueCd-1.3.5.
193     </li><li><b>rootpass=123456</b>: Sets the root password of the system running on the livecd to <code>1234</code>. That way you can connect from the network and ssh on the livecd and give <code>123456</code> password as the root password.
194 sng 57 </li><li><b>vncserver=x:123456</b>: The <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/04/12/use-systemrescuecd-remotely-with-vnc-server/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/04/12/use-systemrescuecd-remotely-with-vnc-server/" rel="nofollow">vncserver boot option</a> has been introduced in SystemRescueCd-1.0.2. This options forces the system to configure the VNC-server and to start it automatically at boot time. You have to replace <code>x</code> with the number of displays you want, and <code>123456</code> with your password The password must be between 5 and 8 characters, else the boot option will be ignored. In other words the <code>vncserver=2:MyPaSsWd</code> option will give you access to two displays (display=1 on tcp/5901 and display=2 on tcp/5902). Display 0 is reserved for X.Org since SystemRescueCd-1.1.0.
195 sng 77 </li><li><b>nameif=xxx</b>: You can can <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/28/option-to-define-the-name-of-a-network-interface-using-the-mac-address/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/28/option-to-define-the-name-of-a-network-interface-using-the-mac-address/" rel="nofollow">specify what interface name to give</a> to a particular interface using the mac address. You need SystemRescueCd-1.1.0 or newer to do that. Here is how you can specify which interface is using which mac address on a machine with two network interfaces: <code>nameif=eth0!00:0C:29:57:D0:6E,eth1!00:0C:29:57:D0:64</code>. Be careful, you have to respect the separator (comma between the interfaces and exclamation marks between the name and the mac address). You can also use the magic keyword <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=7&amp;t=2538&amp;start=0" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=7&amp;t=2538&amp;start=0" rel="nofollow">BOOTIF</a> with SystemRescueCd-1.5.4 and more recent when you boot from pxelinux. The pxeboot loader will set BOOTIF to the name of the interface used to boot. You can then use something like <code>nameif=eth0!BOOTIF</code> if you want the boot interface to be called <code>eth0</code> on a computer with several Ethernet interfaces.
196 sng 49 </li></ul>
197 sng 57 <a name="Network_boot_using_PXE" id="Network_boot_using_PXE"></a><p><b><br> Network boot using PXE</b></p>
198 sng 49 <p>SystemRescueCd provides several options for booting from the network using PXE.
199 sng 57 These options can be combined with other network boot options such as <code>ethx</code> (cf previous section). See <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_PXE_network_booting" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_PXE_network_booting" rel="nofollow">PXE network booting</a> to get a global overview of SystemRescueCd and PXE and <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Manage_remote_windows_linux_servers_using_SystemRescueCd" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Manage_remote_windows_linux_servers_using_SystemRescueCd" rel="nofollow">Manage remote servers using PXE</a>.
200 sng 49 </p><p>The second stage downloads the kernel + initramfs using DHCP/TFTP.
201     </p><p>The third stage of the PXE boot process acquires the root files system.
202     </p><p>Several protocols are available.
203     </p>
204     <ul><li><b>netboot=</b>tftp<b>://ip/path/sysrcd.dat</b>: from a TFTP server. The filesystem is loaded into memory. As a consequence computers with less than 400MB of memory won't be able to boot this way. The system will continue to work if the network is disconnected after the boot process.
205     </li><li><b>netboot=</b>http<b>://ip:port/path/sysrcd.dat</b>: from a Web server. The file system is loaded into memory. Computers with smaller memory won't be able to boot this way. The the system continues to work if the network is disconnected after the boot process.
206     </li><li><b>netboot=</b>nfs<b>://ip:/path</b>: mount an NFSv3 directory. The NFS url must be the path of the directory that contains <code>sysrcd.dat</code>. Only NFSv3 can be used, NFSv4 is not supported. NFS it allows computers with smaller memory to boot SystemRescueCd from the network. After the boot process, the connection is required or you will loose the access to the root file system.
207     </li><li><b>netboot=</b>nbd<b>://ip:port</b>: connect to an NBD server configured with <code>sysrcd.dat</code> on ip:port. NBD is easier to configure than NFS (only one TCP port involved) and it allows computers with smaller memort to boot SystemRescueCd from the network. After the boot process, the connection is required the access to the root system.
208     </li></ul>
209 sng 57 <p>For information on activating <b>speakup</b>, see the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Speakup-info" title="Speakup-info">speakup info page</a>.
210 sng 49 </p>
211 sng 57 <a name="Options_provided_for_autorun" id="Options_provided_for_autorun"></a><p><b><br> Options provided for autorun</b></p>
212     <ul><li><b>ar_source=xxx</b>: place where the autorun are stored. It may be the root directory of a partition (<code>/dev/sda1</code>), an nfs share (<code>nfs://192.168.1.1:/path/to/scripts</code>), a samba share (<code>smb://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts</code>), or an http directory (<code><a target="_blank" href="http://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts" class="external free" title="http://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts" rel="nofollow">http://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts</a></code>).
213 sng 49 </li><li><b>autoruns=[0-9]</b>: comma separated list of the autorun scrip to be run. For example <code>autoruns=0,2,7</code> the autorun sc <code>autorun0</code>, <code>autorun2</code>, <code>autorun7</code> are run. Use <code>autoruns=no</code> to disable all the autorun scripts with a number.
214     </li><li><b>ar_ignorefail</b>: continue to execute the scripts chain even if a script failed (returned a non-zero status)
215     </li><li><b>ar_nodel</b>: do not delete the temporary copy of the autorun scripts located in <code>/var/autorun/tmp</code> after execution
216     </li><li><b>ar_disable</b>: completely disable autorun, the simple <code>autorun</code> script will not be executed
217     </li><li><b>ar_nowait</b>: do not wait for a keypress after the autorun script have been executed.
218     </li></ul>
219     </p>
220     </div>
221    
222    
223     <!-- Clonezilla -->
224     <H2><a name="clonezilla"></a>Clonezilla Live boot parameters <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
225     <!-- note -->
226     <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr valign="top"><td><img src="images/info.png"></td><td>
227 sng 75 The following info applies to <b>Clonezilla Live v. 1.2.5-17</b><br>
228 sng 49 In case you need to get info for a more recent version of <b>Clonezilla Live</b><br>
229     please see the page "<a href="http://www.clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live/doc/fine-print.php?path=./99_Misc/00_live-initramfs-manual.doc#00_live-initramfs-manual.doc" target="_blank">The boot parameters for Clonezilla live</a>"
230     </td></tr></table></div>
231    
232     <p>A typical Clonezilla Live isolinux entry is:</p>
233    
234     <p class="newcode"> kernel /live/vmlinuz1<br>
235     append initrd=/live/initrd1.img boot=live union=aufs ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general"<br>
236     ocs_live_extra_param="" ocs_live_keymap="" ocs_live_batch="no" ocs_lang="" vga=791 nolocales</p>
237     <!--empty-line-->
238     <p>The kernel used is <b>vmlinuz</b>, and anything after the word <b>append</b> is a boot parameter.</p>
239     <!--empty-line-->
240    
241    
242     <p>The following info comes from the page titled <a href="http://www.clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live/doc/fine-print.php?path=./99_Misc/00_live-initramfs-manual.doc#00_live-initramfs-manual.doc" target="_blank">The boot parameters for Clonezilla live</a>.</p>
243    
244     <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
245     <!-- Clonezilla documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
246     <!--Clonezilla-Documentation-->
247 sng 57 <div class="otherpage">Clonezilla live is based on <a target="_blank" href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLive/" >Debian live</a> with clonezilla installed. Therefore there are 2 kinds of boot parameters:
248 sng 49 <ol>
249     <li>Boot parameters from live-initramfs. You can refer to this <a href="#live-initramfs">manual of live-initramfs</a>.
250     <li>Boot parameters specially for Clonezilla. All of them are named as "ocs_*", e.g. ocs_live_run, ocs_live_extra_param, ocs_live_batch, ocs_lang.
251     <ul>
252     <li>ocs_live_run is the main program to run in Clonezilla live to save or restore. or other command. Available program: ocs-live-general, ocs-live-restore or any command you write. Use the Absolute path in Clonezilla live.<br>
253     e.g. ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general"<br>
254     <font color="red">//NOTE// You might have to use "sudo" command inside your own script, or you can assign it like: ocs_live_run="sudo bash /my-clonezilla"</font><br>
255     <li>ocs_live_extra_param will be used only when ocs_live_run=ocs-live-restore (not for ocs-live-general or any other), then it will be passed to ocs-sr. Therefore these parameters are actually those of ocs-sr.<br>
256     e.g. ocs_live_extra_param="-b -c restoredisk sarge-r5 hda"
257     <li>ocs_live_keymap is for keymap used in Clonezilla live. Man install-keymap for more details.<br>
258     e.g. ocs_live_keymap="NONE" (won't change the default layout)<br>
259     ocs_live_keymap="/usr/share/keymaps/i386/azerty/fr-latin9.kmap.gz" (French keyboard)
260     <li>batch mode or not (yes/no), if no, will run interactively.<br>
261     e.g. ocs_live_batch="no"
262     <li>ocs_lang is the language used in Clonezilla live. Available value: en_US.UTF-8, zh_TW.UTF-8... (see $DRBL_SCRIPT_PATH/lang/bash/)
263     e.g. ocs_lang="en_US.UTF-8"
264     <li>ocs_debug (or ocs-debug) is for you to enter command line prompt before any clonezilla-related action is run. This is easier for you to debug.
265     <li>ocs_daemonon, ocs_daemonoff, ocs_numlk, ocs_capslk.<br>
266     Ex. for the first 2 parameters, ocs_daemonon="ssh", then ssh service will be turned on when booting. For the last 2 parameters, use "on" or "off", e.g. ocs_numlk=on to turn on numberlock when booting.
267     <li>ocs_prerun, ocs_prerun1, ocs_prerun2... is for you to run a shell script before Clonezilla is started. E.g. ocs_prerun="/live/image/myscript.sh". If you have more commands to run, you can assign them in the order: ocs_prerun=..., ocs_prerun1=..., ocs_prerun2=.... If more than 10 parameters, remember to use ocs_prerun01, ocs_prerun02..., ocs_prerun11 to make it in order.
268     <li>ocs_live_run_tty. This option allows you to specify the tty where $ocs_live_run is run. By default $ocs_live_run is run on /dev/tty1 only. (It was also on /dev/ttyS0 before, but since Clonezilla live >= 1.2.3-22 no more this due to a problem). If you want to use ttyS0, for example, add live-getty and console=ttyS0,38400n81 in the boot parameter.<br>
269     <font color=red>//NOTE//</font><br>
270     <ul>
271     <li>This parameter was added in Clonezilla live 1.2.3-22 or later.
272     <li>If "live-getty console=$tty,38400n81" are assigned in the boot parameters, ocs_live_run_tty will honor $tty, even other value is assigned to ocs_live_run_tty in boot parameter.
273     <li>It's recommended to assign ocs_lang and ocs_live_keymap in the boot parameters too.
274     </ul>
275     <li>ip, this option allows you to specify the network parameters for network card. In Clonezilla live a patched live-initramfs is used, which is different from the original live-initramfs so that you can assign DNS server, too. Its format is: ip=ethernet port,IP address, netmask, gateway, DNS. E.g. If you want to assing eth0 with IP address 10.0.100.1, netmask 255.255.255.0, gateway 10.0.100.254, DNS server 8.8.8.8, you can assign the following in the boot parameter:<br>
276     ip=eth0,10.0.100.1,255.255.255.0,10.0.100.254,8.8.8.8<br>
277     If more than one network card, you can use ":" to separate them, e.g.:<br>
278     ip=eth0,10.0.100.1,255.255.255.0,10.0.100.254,8.8.8.8:eth1,192.168.120.1,255.255.255.0,192.168.120.254,,<br>
279     <li>Besides, "live-netdev" (yes, not ocs_live_netdev) can be used when using PXE booting, you can force to assign the network device to get filesystem.squashfs. This is useful when there are two or more NICs are linked. E.g. live-netdev="eth1" allows you to force the live-initramfs to use eth1 to fetch the root file system filesystem.squashfs.
280     </ul>
281     </ol>
282     <hr>
283    
284     With the above options, we have the following examples:
285     <ol>
286     <li>A PXE config example for you to boot Clonezilla live via PXE, and ssh service is on, the password of account "user" is assigned:<br>
287     ----------------------------------------<br>
288     label Clonezilla Live<br>
289     MENU LABEL Clonezilla Live<br>
290     MENU DEFAULT<br>
291     kernel vmlinuz1<br>
292     append initrd=initrd1.img boot=live union=aufs noswap noprompt vga=788 fetch=tftp://192.168.120.254/filesystem.squashfs usercrypted=bkuQxLqLRuDW6 ocs_numlk="on" ocs_daemonon="ssh"<br>
293     ----------------------------------------<br>
294    
295     The usercrypted password is created by:<br>
296     echo YOUR_PASSWORD | mkpasswd -s<br>
297     ("mkpasswd" is from package "whois" in Debian or Ubuntu. Check your GNU/Linux to see which package provides this command if you are not using Debian or Ubuntu. Replace YOUR_PASSWORD with your plain text password, and remember do not put any " in the boot parameters of live-initramfs (while it's ok for those ocs_* boot parameters), i.e. do NOT use something like usercrypted="bkuQxLqLRuDW6").<br>
298     //NOTE// If you do not assign salt to mkpasswd, the encrypted password will not be the same every time you create it.<br>
299     For more about usercrypted discussion, please check the <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-live/2008/10/msg00020.html" target=_blank>here</a>.
300     <br><br>
301     <li>How to put your own binary driver in Clonezilla live without modifying /live/filesystem.squashfs:
302     <ul>
303     <li>Boot clonezilla live
304     <li>Become root by running "sudo su -"
305     <li>Copy the dir lsi, which contains a precompiled kernel module matching the running kernel in Clonezilla live and a script to run it, to a working dir, e.g.: <br>
306     cp -r /live/image/lsi /home/partimag
307     <li>cd /home/partimag
308     <li>/opt/drbl/sbin/ocs-live-dev -c -s -i lsi -u lsi -x "ocs_prerun=/live/image/lsi/prep-lsi.sh"
309     <li>/opt/drbl/sbin/ocs-iso -s -i lsi -u lsi -x "ocs_prerun=/live/image/lsi/prep-lsi.sh"
310     <li>///NOTE/// In this example, the 2 files in dir lsi are: megasr.ko (the binary driver) and prep-lsi.sh. The contents of prep-lsi.sh:
311     <pre>
312     ------------------------
313     #!/bin/bash
314     cp -f /live/image/lsi/megasr.ko /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/block/
315     chown root.root /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/block/megasr.ko
316     depmod -a modprobe megasr
317     sleep 1
318     ------------------------
319     </pre>
320     </ul>
321    
322     <li>To put your customized script with a PXE version of Clonezilla live (You have to use Clonezilla live version 1.2.2-2 or later):<br>
323     In this example, we assume (1) The IP address of your PXE server is 192.168.120.254, (2) the customized script (custom-ocs-2) is put on your PXE server's tftpd root dir (E.g. On DRBL server, the path is /tftpboot/nbi_img/. It might be different in your case if you are not use DRBL server as a PXE server).<br>
324     Therefor your pxelinux.cfg/default file is like:
325     <p>------------------------<br>
326     label Clonezilla Live<br>
327     MENU DEFAULT<br>
328     # MENU HIDE<br>
329     MENU LABEL Clonezilla Live<br>
330     # MENU PASSWD<br>
331     kernel vmlinuz1<br>
332     append initrd=initrd1.img boot=live union=aufs noswap noprompt vga=788 ip=frommedia fetch=tftp://192.168.120.254/filesystem.squashfs ocs_prerun="busybox tftp -g -b 10240 -r custom-ocs-2 -l /tmp/custom-ocs-2 192.168.120.254" ocs_live_run="bash /tmp/custom-ocs-2" ocs_live_keymap="NONE" ocs_live_batch="no" ocs_lang="en_US.UTF-8" nolocales<br>
333     TEXT HELP<br>
334     Boot Clonezilla live via network<br>
335     ENDTEXT<br>
336     <p>------------------------<br>
337     The content of custom-ocs-2 can be like:
338     <pre>
339     ------------------------
340     #!/bin/bash
341     . /opt/drbl/sbin/drbl-conf-functions
342     . /opt/drbl/sbin/ocs-functions
343     . /etc/ocs/ocs-live.conf
344    
345     # Load language file
346     ask_and_load_lang_set en_US.UTF-8
347    
348     # 1. Mount the clonezilla image home.
349     # Types: local_dev, ssh_server, samba_server, nfs_server
350     prep-ocsroot -t nfs_server
351    
352     # 2. Restore the image
353     if mountpoint /home/partimag/ &>/dev/null; then
354     ocs-sr -l en_US.UTF-8 -c -p choose restoredisk ask_user ask_user
355     else
356     [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_FAILURE
357     echo "Fail to find the Clonezilla image home /home/partimag!"
358     echo "Program terminated!"
359     [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_NORMAL
360     fi
361     ------------------------
362     </pre>
363     </li>
364     </ol>
365     </div>
366     <!-- End of copy/paste 3 -->
367    
368     <H3><a name="live-initramfs"></a>live-initramfs manual <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
369    
370     <p>This is the manual of <a href="http://www.clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live/live-initramfs-param.php" target=_blank>live-initramfs</a>
371     <BR>
372     </p>
373    
374 sng 57 <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
375     <!-- SysRescCD documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
376     <!--initramfs-Documentation-->
377     <a name="live-initramfs"></a><div class="otherpage" style="overflow: auto;"><pre>
378 sng 49 live-initramfs(7)
379     =================
380    
381     Name
382     ----
383     live-initramfs - Debian Live initramfs hook
384    
385     Synopsis
386     --------
387     BOOT=live
388    
389     as kernel parameter at boot prompt.
390    
391     Description
392     -----------
393    
394     live-initramfs is a hook for the initramfs-tools, used to generate a initramfs
395     capable to boot live systems, such as those created by *live-helper*(7).
396     This includes the Debian Live isos, netboot tarballs, and usb stick images.
397    
398     At boot time it will look for a (read-only) media containing a "/live"
399     directory where a root filesystems (often a compressed filesystem image like
400     squashfs) is stored. If found, it will create a writable environment, using
401     aufs, for Debian like systems to boot from.
402    
403     You probably do not want to install this package onto a non-live system,
404     although it will do no harm.
405    
406 sng 57 live-initramfs is a fork of <a href="http://packages.ubuntu.com/casper/" target="_blank">casper</a>.
407     casper was originally written by Tollef Fog Heen &amp;lt;tfheen@canonical.com&amp;gt;
408     and Matt Zimmerman &amp;lt;mdz@canonical.com&amp;gt;.
409 sng 49
410     Boot options
411     ------------
412    
413     Here is the complete list of recognized boot parameters by live-initramfs.
414    
415 sng 57 access=*ACCESS*::
416 sng 49
417     Set the accessibility level for physically or visually impared users. ACCESS
418     must be one of v1, v2, v3, m1, or m2. v1=lesser visual impairment, v2=moderate
419     visual impairment, v3=blindness, m1=minor motor difficulties, m2=moderate motor
420     difficulties.
421    
422 sng 57 console=*TTY,SPEED*::
423 sng 49
424     Set the default console to be used with the "live-getty" option. Example:
425     "console=ttyS0,115200"
426    
427 sng 57 debug::
428 sng 49
429     Makes initramfs boot process more verbose.
430    
431 sng 57 fetch=*URL*::
432 sng 49
433     Another form of netboot by downloading a squashfs image from a given url,
434     copying to ram and booting it.
435    
436 sng 57 hostname=*HOSTNAME*, username=*USER*, userfullname=*USERFULLNAME*::
437 sng 49
438     Those parameters lets you override values read from the config file.
439    
440 sng 57 ignore_uuid
441 sng 49
442     Do not check that any UUID embedded in the initramfs matches the discovered
443     medium. live-initramfs may be told to generate a UUID by setting
444     LIVE_GENERATE_UUID=1 when building the initramfs.
445    
446 sng 57 integrity-check::
447 sng 49
448     If specified, an MD5 sum is calculated on the live media during boot and
449     compared to the value found in md5sum.txt found in the root directory of the
450     live media.
451    
452 sng 57 ip=**[CLIENT_IP]:[SERVER_IP]:[GATEWAY_IP]:[NETMASK]:[HOSTNAME]:
453     [DEVICE]:[AUTOCONF] [,[CLIENT_IP]:[SERVER_IP]:[GATEWAY_IP]:[NETMASK]:[HOSTNAME]:
454     [DEVICE]:[AUTOCONF]]***::
455 sng 49
456     Let you specify the name(s) and the options of the interface(s) that should be
457     configured at boot time. Do not specify this if you want to use dhcp (default).
458     It will be changed in a future release to mimick official kernel boot param
459     specification (e.g. ip=10.0.0.1::10.0.0.254:255.255.255.0::eth0,:::::eth1:dhcp).
460    
461 sng 57 ip[=**frommedia**]::
462 sng 49
463     If this variable is set, dhcp and static configuration are just skipped and the
464     system will use the (must be) media-preconfigured /etc/network/interfaces
465     instead.
466    
467 sng 57 {keyb|kbd-chooser/method}=**KEYBOARD**, {klayout|console-setup/layoutcode}=**LAYOUT**,
468     {kvariant|console-setup/variantcode}=**VARIANT**, {kmodel|console-setup/modelcode}=
469     **CODE**, koptions=**OPTIONS**::
470 sng 49
471     Configure the running keyboard as specified, if this one misses live-initramfs
472     behaves as if "keyb=us" was specified. It will be interfered from "locale=" if
473     locale is only 2 lowecase letters as a special case. You could also specify
474     console layout, variant, code, and options (no defaults).
475    
476 sng 57 live-getty::
477 sng 49
478     This changes the auto-login on virtual terminals to use the (experimental)
479     live-getty code. With this option set the standard kernel argument "console=" is
480     parsed and if a serial console is specified then live-getty is used to autologin
481     on the serial console.
482    
483 sng 57 {live-media|bootfrom}=**DEVICE**::
484 sng 49
485     If you specify one of this two equivalent forms, live-initramfs will first try
486     to find this device for the "/live" directory where the read-only root
487     filesystem should reside. If it did not find something usable, the normal scan
488     for block devices is performed.
489    
490 sng 57 {live-media-encryption|encryption}=**TYPE**::
491 sng 49
492     live-initramfs will mount the encrypted rootfs TYPE, asking the passphrase,
493     useful to build paranoid live systems :-). TYPE supported so far are "aes" for
494     loop-aes encryption type.
495    
496 sng 57 live-media-offset=**BYTES**::
497 sng 49
498     This way you could tell live-initramfs that your image starts at offset BYTES in
499     the above specified or autodiscovered device, this could be useful to hide the
500     Debian Live iso or image inside another iso or image, to create "clean" images.
501    
502 sng 57 live-media-path=**PATH**::
503 sng 49
504     Sets the path to the live filesystem on the medium. By default, it is set to
505     '/live' and you should not change that unless you have customized your media
506     accordingly.
507    
508 sng 57 live-media-timeout=**SECONDS**::
509 sng 49
510     Set the timeout in seconds for the device specified by "live-media=" to become
511     ready before giving up.
512    
513 sng 57 {locale|debian-installer/locale}=**LOCALE**::
514 sng 49
515     Configure the running locale as specified, if not present the live-media rootfs
516     configured locale will be used and if also this one misses live-initramfs behave
517     as "locale=en_US.UTF-8" was specified. If only 2 lowercase letter are specified
518     (like "it"), the "maybe wanted" locale is generated (like en:EN.UTF-8), in this
519     case if also "keyb=" is unspecified is set with those 2 lowercase letters
520     (keyb=us). Beside that facility, only UTF8 locales are supported by
521     live-initramfs.
522    
523 sng 57 module=**NAME**::
524 sng 49
525     Instead of using the default optional file "filesystem.module" (see below)
526     another file could be specified without the extension ".module"; it should be
527     placed on "/live" directory of the live medium.
528    
529 sng 57 netboot[=**nfs**|**cifs**]::
530 sng 49
531     This tells live-initramfs to perform a network mount. The parameter "nfsroot="
532     (with optional "nfsopts="), should specify where is the location of the root
533     filesystem. With no args, will try cifs first, and if it fails nfs.
534    
535 sng 57 nfsopts=::
536 sng 49
537     This lets you specify custom nfs options.
538    
539 sng 57 noautologin::
540 sng 49
541     This parameter disables the automatic terminal login only, not touching gdk/kdm.
542    
543 sng 57 noxautologin::
544 sng 49
545     This parameter disables the automatic login of gdm/kdm only, not touching
546     terminals.
547    
548 sng 57 nofastboot::
549 sng 49
550     This parameter disables the default disabling of filesystem checks in
551     /etc/fstab. If you have static filesystems on your harddisk and you want them to
552     be checked at boot time, use this parameter, otherwise they are skipped.
553    
554 sng 57 nopersistent::
555 sng 49
556     disables the "persistent" feature, useful if the bootloader (like syslinux) has
557     been installed with persistent enabled.
558    
559 sng 57 noprompt
560 sng 49
561     Do not prompt to eject the CD on reboot.
562    
563 sng 57 nosudo::
564 sng 49
565     This parameter disables the automatic configuration of sudo.
566    
567 sng 57 swapon::
568 sng 49
569     This parameter enables usage of local swap partitions.
570    
571 sng 57 nouser::
572 sng 49
573     This parameter disables the creation of the default user completely.
574    
575 sng 57 noxautoconfig::
576 sng 49
577     This parameter disables Xorg auto-reconfiguration at boot time. This is valuable
578     if you either do the detection on your own, or, if you want to ship a custom,
579     premade xorg.conf in your live system.
580    
581 sng 57 persistent[=nofiles]::
582 sng 49
583     live-initramfs will look for persistent and snapshot partitions or files labeled
584     "live-rw", "home-rw", and files called "live-sn*", "home-sn*" and will try to,
585     in order: mount as /cow the first, mount the second in /home, and just copy the
586     contents of the latter in appropriate locations (snapshots). Snapshots will be
587     tried to be updated on reboot/shutdown. Look at live-snapshot(1) for more
588     informations. If "nofiles" is specified, only filesystems with matching labels
589     will be searched; no filesystems will be traversed looking for archives or image
590     files. This results in shorter boot times.
591    
592 sng 57 {preseed/file|file}=**FILE**::
593 sng 49
594     A path to a file present on the rootfs could be used to preseed debconf
595     database.
596    
597 sng 57 package/question=**VALUE**::
598 sng 49
599     All debian installed packages could be preseeded from command-line that way,
600     beware of blanks spaces, they will interfere with parsing, use a preseed file in
601     this case.
602    
603 sng 57 quickreboot::
604 sng 49
605     This option causes live-initramfs to reboot without attempting to eject the
606     media and without asking the user to remove the boot media.
607    
608 sng 57 showmounts::
609 sng 49
610     This parameter will make live-initramfs to show on "/" the ro filesystems
611     (mostly compressed) on "/live". This is not enabled by default because could
612     lead to problems by applications like "mono" which store binary paths on
613     installation.
614    
615 sng 57 textonly
616 sng 49
617     Start up to text-mode shell prompts, disabling the graphical user interface.
618    
619 sng 57 timezone=**TIMEZONE**::
620 sng 49
621     By default, timezone is set to UTC. Using the timezone parameter, you can set it
622     to your local zone, e.g. Europe/Zurich.
623    
624 sng 57 todisk=**DEVICE**::
625 sng 49
626     Adding this parameter, live-initramfs will try to copy the entire read-only
627     media to the specified device before mounting the root filesystem. It probably
628     needs a lot of free space. Subsequent boots should then skip this step and just
629     specify the "live-media=DEVICE" boot parameter with the same DEVICE used this
630     time.
631    
632 sng 57 toram::
633 sng 49
634     Adding this parameter, live-initramfs will try to copy the whole read-only media
635     to the computer's RAM before mounting the root filesystem. This could need a lot
636     of ram, according to the space used by the read-only media.
637    
638 sng 57 union=**aufs**|**unionfs**::
639 sng 49
640     By default, live-initramfs uses aufs. With this parameter, you can switch to
641     unionfs.
642    
643 sng 57 utc=**yes**|**no**::
644 sng 49
645     By default, Debian systems do assume that the hardware clock is set to UTC. You
646     can change or explicitly set it with this parameter.
647    
648 sng 57 xdebconf::
649 sng 49
650     Uses xdebconfigurator, if present on the rootfs, to configure X instead of the
651     standard procedure (experimental).
652    
653 sng 57 xvideomode=**RESOLUTION**::
654 sng 49
655     Doesn't do xorg autodetection, but enforces a given resolution.
656    
657     Files
658     -----
659    
660 sng 57 /etc/live.conf
661 sng 49
662     Some variables can be configured via this config file (inside the live system).
663    
664 sng 57 /live/filesystem.module
665 sng 49
666     This optional file (inside the live media) contains a list of white-space or
667     carriage-return-separated file names corresponding to disk images in the "/live"
668     directory. If this file exists, only images listed here will be merged into the
669     root aufs, and they will be loaded in the order listed here. The first entry
670     in this file will be the "lowest" point in the aufs, and the last file in
671     this list will be on the "top" of the aufs, directly below /cow. Without
672     this file, any images in the "/live" directory are loaded in alphanumeric order.
673    
674 sng 57 /etc/live-persistence.binds
675 sng 49
676     This optional file (which resides in the rootfs system, not in the live media)
677     is used as a list of directories which not need be persistent: ie. their
678     content does not need to survive reboots when using the persistence features.
679    
680     This saves expensive writes and speeds up operations on volatile data such as
681     web caches and temporary files (like e.g. /tmp and .mozilla) which are
682     regenerated each time. This is achieved by bind mounting each listed directory
683     with a tmpfs on the original path.
684    
685    
686     See also
687     --------
688    
689     live-snapshot(1), initramfs-tools(8), live-helper(7), live-initscripts(7),
690     live-webhelper(7)
691    
692     Bugs
693     ----
694    
695     Report bugs against live-initramfs
696 sng 57 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/live-initramfs" target="_blank">http://packages.qa.debian.org/live-initramfs</a>.
697 sng 49
698     Homepage
699     --------
700    
701     More information about the Debian Live project can be found at
702 sng 57 <a href="http://debian-live.alioth.debian.org/" target="_blank">http://debian-live.alioth.debian.org/</a> and
703     <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLive/" target="_blank">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLive/</a>.
704 sng 49
705     Authors
706     -------
707    
708 sng 57 live-initramfs is maintained by Daniel Baumann &amp;lt;daniel@debian.org&amp;gt;
709 sng 49 for the Debian project.
710    
711 sng 57 live-initramfs is a fork of <a href="http://packages.ubuntu.com/casper/" target="_blank">casper</a>.
712     casper was originally written by Tollef Fog Heen &amp;lt;tfheen@canonical.com&amp;gt;
713     and Matt Zimmerman &amp;lt;mdz@canonical.com&amp;gt;.
714     </pre>
715 sng 49 </div>
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