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78 <H2>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</H2>
79 <H3>Documentation: Boot parameters</H3>
80 <div style="margin:0; padding: 3px; width: 980; position relative;">
81 <div style="position: absolute; left: 0px;"><H4>15/09/2010 - v 3.1.0</H4></div>
82 <div style="position: absolute; right: 0px;"><H4>Last update: 16/09/2010</H4></div>
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103 <a name="boot-top"></a>
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105
106 <!-- Intro -->
107
108 <H2 style="margin-top: 0;"><a name="boot-intro"></a>Intro <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
109 <p>Booting a linux system means loading a kernel, which is actually the operating system. Well, this is not exactly true, and it is not the only thing that happens during boot up phase, but it is not my intension to explain it here.
110 <br><br>
111 The kernel is loaded by Isolinux (the CD boot manager), which is able to pass a number of parameters to it, through its configuration file <b>isolinux.cfg</b>.
112 <br><br>
113 These parameters, called boot parameters, are documented by the kernel itself, and can differentiate its behavior dramatically. In our case, each CD (SystemRescueCD and Clonezilla Live) accept a different set of parameters, because they are based on <a href="http://www.gentoo.org/" target="_blank">gentoo</a> and <a href="http://www.debian.org/" target="_blank">debian</a>, respectively.
114 <br><br>
115 While in the splash screen of <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b>, you can edit the boot parameters by pressing TAB. They will be presented to you, and you can add or remove what you want. You must be careful not to change or remove the parameters that are dedicated to the CD itself, as altering them will certainty make it unbootable. When you are done, just press ENTER to boot.
116 </p>
117
118
119 <!-- sysresccd -->
120 <H2><a name="sysresccd"></a>SystemRescueCD boot parameters <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
121 <!-- note -->
122 <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr><td valign="top"><img src="images/info.png"></td><td>
123 The following info applies to <b>SystemRescueCD v. 1.5.5</b>. In case<br>
124 you need to get info for a more recent version of <b>SystemRescueCD</b><br>
125 please see the page "<a href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Booting_the_CD-ROM" target="_blank">Sysresccd-manual-en Booting the CD-ROM</a>"
126 </td></tr></table></div>
127 <p>A typical sysresccd isolinux entry is:</p>
128
129 <p class="newcode">kernel rescuecd<br>
130 append initrd=initram.igz video=ofonly</p>
131 <!--empty-line-->
132 <p>The kernel used is <b>rescuecd</b>, and anything after the word <b>append</b> is a boot parameter.<br><br>
133 <!--empty-line-->
134 Available kernels (boot images):</p>
135
136 <ul class="otherpage" style="padding: 0px 10px 20px 40px">
137 <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
138 <!-- SysRescCD documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
139 <!--kernels-Documentation-->
140 <li><b>rescuecd</b> Default for 32bit systems, with Framebuffer disabled, best choice.
141 </li><li><b>rescue64</b> Default 64 bit kernel. Use it if you want to chroot to a 64bit linux system installed on your hard disk, or if you have to run 64 bits programs. This kernel is able to boot with 32bit programs, and it requires a processor with 64bit instructions (amd64 / em64t).
142 </li><li><b>altker32</b> an alternative kernel for 32bit systems. Boot with this kernel if you have problems with <b>rescuecd</b>
143 </li><li><b>altker64</b> an alternative kernel for 64bit systems. Boot with this kernel in case you have problems with <b>rescue64</b>.
144 </li>
145 </ul>
146
147 <p><br>The boot parameters you can use are:</p>
148 <div class="otherpage">
149 <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
150 <!-- SysRescCD documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
151 <!--SysRescCD-Documentation-->
152 <a name="General_boot_options" id="General_boot_options"></a><p><b> General boot options</b></p>
153 <p>Press &lt;TAB&gt; to add additional options (in SystemRescueCd-1.5 and more recent)
154 </p>
155 <ul><li><b>docache</b>: causes the CD-ROM will be fully loaded into memory. A slower start but once complete, programs start faster and the CD drive will be released allowing normal access to other CDs. This requires 400MB of memory to cache everything (including the <code>bootdisks</code> and <code>isolinux</code> directories). Add <code>lowmem</code> if you have less that 400MB of memory of to prevent these directories to be copied.
156 </li><li><b>setkmap=kk</b>: which defines the keymap to load where <code>kk</code> (example: <code>setkmap=de</code> for German keyboards). This way you won't be prompted for the keyboard configuration during the boot.
157 </li><li><b>root=/dev/xdnp</b>: the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" rel="nofollow">root=&lt;device&gt; option</a> boots an existing linux system. For example, if you have linux Gentoo installed on <code>/dev/sda6</code>, use <code>rescuecd root=/dev/sda6</code> to start it. Keep in mind that you must use a 64bit kernel if your system is made of 64bit programs. This option works with LVM volumes. Use <code>rescuecd root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00</code>. Support is also provided for <code>root=auto</code>, which scans all the block devices tfor a linux system. The first linux system found will be started. So with <code>root=auto</code> let you start the system installed from the CD-ROM in case you have problem with your boot loader or kernel. It's also possible to specify a partition using its <code>filesystem label</code> or <code>filesystem uuid</code>. If the label of the partition where linux is installed is <code>mylinux</code>, then boot it using <code>rescuecd root=LABEL=mylinux</code>. Similarly <code>root=UUID=b3d3bec5-997a-413e-8449-0d0ec41ccba7</code>. See <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/05/use-systemrescuecd-to-boot-a-linux-os-from-the-hard-disk/" rel="nofollow">more details</a>.
158 </li><li><b>initscript=service:action</b>: This options allows start/stop a service at boot time. For instance if you need the samba service to be started, you can boot with: <code>initscript=samba:start</code>. This does the same thing as <code>/etc/init.d/samba start</code>. Use this option multiple times for different services. All the actions that are supported by an initscript can be used.
159 </li><li><b>backstore=xxx</b>: SystemRescueCd comes with support for the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" rel="nofollow">backing-stores</a>. A backing-store saves all the changes you can make. so that you keep these changes the next time you boot it. By default, sysresccd automatically scan removable devices (eg: USB sticks) at boot time and uses the first backing-store it finds. A backing-store is not mandatory and it the scan fails it will store the files which change in memory. To disable the disks scan at boot time specify <code>backstore=off</code> on the boot command line. If you want to save your backing-store file on an harddisk, boot with <code>backstore=alldev</code> to scan all devices (not just removable devices). The default location for backing-stores file is any file named <code>sysrcd.bs</code> located at the root of a disk which is often an USB stick. Change the path by using <code>backstore=/sysrcd/mybackstore.bs</code>. See <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/29/creating-a-backing-store-to-keep-your-modifications-in-sysresccd/" rel="nofollow">backing-stores</a>.
160 </li><li><b>isoloop=xxx</b>: Grub2 (currently in development: grub-1.98) provides a new feature to boot from an ISO image which is stored from the hard disk. If you put a copy of <code>systemrescuecd-x86-x.y.z.iso</code> on a partition that Grub2 can read then you can boot SystemRescueCd directly from the ISO image stored on your hard drive. This is very convenient if you frequently update SystemRescueCd and you want to boot it directly from Grub2. Grub2 knows what an ISO image is and it will load the kernel image (rescuecd/rescue64) and the initramfs (initram.igz) from the ISO into memory. It will then do its normal job and execute the kernel. The SystemRescueCd init script must then be aware that its <code>sysrcd.dat</code> file is in an ISO and not directly on the partition. For that reason, this <code>isoloop=xxx</code> boot option is required so you must use it in your <code>grub.cfg</code>. This option is only supported in SystemRescueCd-1.4.0 and more recent. This option specifies the path of the ISO image in the partition that grub considers as its root partition. It's important to understand that the path of the ISO image may be different from the path on your linux system. If you have a separate boot partition mounted on <code>/boot</code> and if you copy this ISO image to <code>/boot/sysrcd/systemrescuecd-x86-x.y.z.iso</code> then the option has to be <code>isoloop=/sysrcd/systemrescuecd-x86-x.y.z.iso</code>. This is because the boot partition is what Grub2 will consider as its root partition during the boot process. Please read <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Easy_install_SystemRescueCd_on_harddisk#Boot_the_ISO_image_from_the_disk_using_Grub2" title="Sysresccd-manual-en Easy install SystemRescueCd on harddisk">the section about isoloop</a> for more details.
161 </li></ul>
162 <a name="Hardware.2C_drivers_and_troubleshooting_options" id="Hardware.2C_drivers_and_troubleshooting_options"></a><p><b><br> Hardware, drivers and troubleshooting options</b></p>
163 <ul><li><b>dodebug</b>: Enables verbose messages in linuxrc
164 </li></ul>
165 <ul><li><b>doload=xxx</b>: loads needed kernel modules, multiple comma separated occurrences are permitted (example: <code>doload=3c59x,e1000</code>)
166 </li><li><b>noload=xxx</b>: prevents loading kernel modules, multiple comma separated occurrences are permitted (example: <code>noload=3c59x,e1000</code>). Use this option if you have a problem when the system loads a particular module.
167 </li><li><b>nonet</b>: this will disable the network auto detection at startup
168 </li></ul>
169 <ul><li><b>scandelay=x</b>: pauses x seconds during the startup to allow slow devices to initialize. This is required when you boot an USB device. A delay of only few seconds should be enough.
170 </li></ul>
171 <ul><li><b>doxdetect</b>: Since version 0.3.5 the auto-configuration is done in X.Org itself, mkxf86config is disabled by default. This option forces the system to run the mkxf86config startup script and to run the hardware auto-detection from this script. Use this option if you have problems with the graphical environment configuration. This option replaces the option <code>noxdetect</code> that was useful in previous versions.
172 </li><li><b>nodetect</b>: prevents generic hardware auto-detection. Use this option if you have problems with the hardware auto-detection.
173 </li></ul>
174 <ul><li><b>dostartx</b>: load the X.Org graphical environment.
175 </li><li><b>forcevesa</b>: Forces X.Org to use the safe VESA driver instead of the best video driver detected for your video card. Use this option if you cannot get the graphical environment working with the default options.
176 </li><li><b>forcevesa=xxx</b>: The <code>startx</code> command will load the <code>Xvesa</code> server instead of <code>Xorg</code>, and use the screen resolution given as parameter (eg: <code>1024x768</code>, <code>1280x1024x32</code>).
177 </li></ul>
178 <ul><li><b>all-generic-ide</b>: In case of problems related to your hard disk, try to enable this option (eg <code>rescuecd all-generic-ide</code>)
179 </li><li><b>nodmraid</b>: Disable dmraid, for some motherboards with built-in RAID controller.
180 </li><li><b>nomdadm</b>: Disable mdadm, for software RAID.
181 </li></ul>
182 <ul><li><b>acpi-off</b> / <b>noapic</b> / <b>irqpool</b>: use these options if you have problem when the kernel boots: if it hangs on a driver or if it crashes, ...
183 </li></ul>
184 <ul><li><b>lowmem</b>: For systems with smaller memory, some daemons are not started including sshd and nfsd.
185 </li></ul>
186 <ul><li><b>skipmount=/dev/xxx</b>: The system mounts all the storage devices at boot time to find the sysrcd.dat file. If your hard disk is broken it should be mounted. Boot with <code>skipmount=/dev/sda1 skipmount=/dev/sda2</code> to ignore these two partitions.
187 </li></ul>
188 <a name="Network_configuration_and_remote_access" id="Network_configuration_and_remote_access"></a><p><b><br> Network configuration and remote access</b></p>
189 <ul><li><b>nonm</b>: to disable the Network-Manager service that conflicts with the standard network command line tools such as <code>ifconfig</code> and <code>ip</code>. You can use this option if you want to configure the network using these commands. This option is not necessary when SystemRescueCd is booting from the network since the service is automatically stopped in that case. This option requires SystemRescueCd-1.5.5 or more recent.
190 </li><li><b>dodhcp</b>: to request a DHCP server provide network attributes including an IP address, gateway...
191 </li><li><b>nodhcp</b>: never run the dhcp client in the initramfs boot script. May be useful if you use PXE boot on a computer with several ethernet interfaces. Support for this option is available in SystemRescueCd-1.5.5-beta2 and more recent
192 </li><li><b>ethx=ipaddr/cidr</b>: Sets the static IP address of all the ethernet interfaces on the system. The <code>/cidr</code> extension is optional. For instance, if you use option <code>ethx=192.168.0.1</code> on a machine with two ethernet adapters, both <code>eth0</code> and <code>eth1</code> will be configured with <code>192.168.0.1</code>. You can use the format <code>ethx=10.0.0.1/24</code> (using the cidr notation) if you don't use the default netmask.
193 </li><li><b>eth0=ipaddr/cidr</b>: This option is similar to <code>ethx=ipaddr/cidr</code> but it configures only one interface at a time. To configure the network on a server that has two interfaces, use: <code>eth0=192.168.10.1/24 eth1=192.168.20.1</code>.
194 </li><li><b>dns=ipaddr</b>: Sets the static IP address of the DNS nameserver you want to use to resolve the names. For instance <code>dns=192.168.0.254</code> means that you want to use <code>192.168.0.254</code> as the DNS server.
195 </li><li><b>gateway=ipaddr</b>: Sets the static IP address of the default route on your network. For instance <code>gateway=192.168.0.254</code> means that the computer can connect to a computer outside of the local network via <code>192.168.0.254</code>.
196 </li><li><b>dhcphostname=myhost</b>: Sets the hostname that the DHCP client will send to the DHCP server. This may be required if the default hostname cannot be used with your DHCP configuration. This option has been introduced in SystemRescueCd-1.3.5.
197 </li><li><b>rootpass=123456</b>: Sets the root password of the system running on the livecd to <code>1234</code>. That way you can connect from the network and ssh on the livecd and give <code>123456</code> password as the root password.
198 </li><li><b>vncserver=x:123456</b>: The <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/04/12/use-systemrescuecd-remotely-with-vnc-server/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/04/12/use-systemrescuecd-remotely-with-vnc-server/" rel="nofollow">vncserver boot option</a> has been introduced in SystemRescueCd-1.0.2. This options forces the system to configure the VNC-server and to start it automatically at boot time. You have to replace <code>x</code> with the number of displays you want, and <code>123456</code> with your password The password must be between 5 and 8 characters, else the boot option will be ignored. In other words the <code>vncserver=2:MyPaSsWd</code> option will give you access to two displays (display=1 on tcp/5901 and display=2 on tcp/5902). Display 0 is reserved for X.Org since SystemRescueCd-1.1.0.
199 </li><li><b>nameif=xxx</b>: You can can <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/28/option-to-define-the-name-of-a-network-interface-using-the-mac-address/" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/news/2008/06/28/option-to-define-the-name-of-a-network-interface-using-the-mac-address/" rel="nofollow">specify what interface name to give</a> to a particular interface using the mac address. You need SystemRescueCd-1.1.0 or newer to do that. Here is how you can specify which interface is using which mac address on a machine with two network interfaces: <code>nameif=eth0!00:0C:29:57:D0:6E,eth1!00:0C:29:57:D0:64</code>. Be careful, you have to respect the separator (comma between the interfaces and exclamation marks between the name and the mac address). You can also use the magic keyword <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=7&amp;t=2538&amp;start=0" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=7&amp;t=2538&amp;start=0" rel="nofollow">BOOTIF</a> with SystemRescueCd-1.5.4 and more recent when you boot from pxelinux. The pxeboot loader will set BOOTIF to the name of the interface used to boot. You can then use something like <code>nameif=eth0!BOOTIF</code> if you want the boot interface to be called <code>eth0</code> on a computer with several Ethernet interfaces.
200 </li></ul>
201 <a name="Network_boot_using_PXE" id="Network_boot_using_PXE"></a><p><b><br> Network boot using PXE</b></p>
202 <p>SystemRescueCd provides several options for booting from the network using PXE.
203 These options can be combined with other network boot options such as <code>ethx</code> (cf previous section). See <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_PXE_network_booting" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_PXE_network_booting" rel="nofollow">PXE network booting</a> to get a global overview of SystemRescueCd and PXE and <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Manage_remote_windows_linux_servers_using_SystemRescueCd" class="external text" title="http://www.sysresccd.org/Sysresccd-manual-en_Manage_remote_windows_linux_servers_using_SystemRescueCd" rel="nofollow">Manage remote servers using PXE</a>.
204 </p><p>The second stage downloads the kernel + initramfs using DHCP/TFTP.
205 </p><p>The third stage of the PXE boot process acquires the root files system.
206 </p><p>Several protocols are available.
207 </p>
208 <ul><li><b>netboot=</b>tftp<b>://ip/path/sysrcd.dat</b>: from a TFTP server. The filesystem is loaded into memory. As a consequence computers with less than 400MB of memory won't be able to boot this way. The system will continue to work if the network is disconnected after the boot process.
209 </li><li><b>netboot=</b>http<b>://ip:port/path/sysrcd.dat</b>: from a Web server. The file system is loaded into memory. Computers with smaller memory won't be able to boot this way. The the system continues to work if the network is disconnected after the boot process.
210 </li><li><b>netboot=</b>nfs<b>://ip:/path</b>: mount an NFSv3 directory. The NFS url must be the path of the directory that contains <code>sysrcd.dat</code>. Only NFSv3 can be used, NFSv4 is not supported. NFS it allows computers with smaller memory to boot SystemRescueCd from the network. After the boot process, the connection is required or you will loose the access to the root file system.
211 </li><li><b>netboot=</b>nbd<b>://ip:port</b>: connect to an NBD server configured with <code>sysrcd.dat</code> on ip:port. NBD is easier to configure than NFS (only one TCP port involved) and it allows computers with smaller memort to boot SystemRescueCd from the network. After the boot process, the connection is required the access to the root system.
212 </li></ul>
213 <p>For information on activating <b>speakup</b>, see the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.sysresccd.org/Speakup-info" title="Speakup-info">speakup info page</a>.
214 </p>
215 <a name="Options_provided_for_autorun" id="Options_provided_for_autorun"></a><p><b><br> Options provided for autorun</b></p>
216 <ul><li><b>ar_source=xxx</b>: place where the autorun are stored. It may be the root directory of a partition (<code>/dev/sda1</code>), an nfs share (<code>nfs://192.168.1.1:/path/to/scripts</code>), a samba share (<code>smb://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts</code>), or an http directory (<code><a target="_blank" href="http://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts" class="external free" title="http://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts" rel="nofollow">http://192.168.1.1/path/to/scripts</a></code>).
217 </li><li><b>autoruns=[0-9]</b>: comma separated list of the autorun scrip to be run. For example <code>autoruns=0,2,7</code> the autorun sc <code>autorun0</code>, <code>autorun2</code>, <code>autorun7</code> are run. Use <code>autoruns=no</code> to disable all the autorun scripts with a number.
218 </li><li><b>ar_ignorefail</b>: continue to execute the scripts chain even if a script failed (returned a non-zero status)
219 </li><li><b>ar_nodel</b>: do not delete the temporary copy of the autorun scripts located in <code>/var/autorun/tmp</code> after execution
220 </li><li><b>ar_disable</b>: completely disable autorun, the simple <code>autorun</code> script will not be executed
221 </li><li><b>ar_nowait</b>: do not wait for a keypress after the autorun script have been executed.
222 </li></ul>
223 </p>
224 </div>
225
226
227 <!-- Clonezilla -->
228 <H2><a name="clonezilla"></a>Clonezilla Live boot parameters <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
229 <!-- note -->
230 <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr valign="top"><td><img src="images/info.png"></td><td>
231 The following info applies to <b>Clonezilla Live v. 1.2.5-17</b><br>
232 In case you need to get info for a more recent version of <b>Clonezilla Live</b><br>
233 please see the page "<a href="http://www.clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live/doc/fine-print.php?path=./99_Misc/00_live-initramfs-manual.doc#00_live-initramfs-manual.doc" target="_blank">The boot parameters for Clonezilla live</a>"
234 </td></tr></table></div>
235
236 <p>A typical Clonezilla Live isolinux entry is:</p>
237
238 <p class="newcode"> kernel /live/vmlinuz1<br>
239 append initrd=/live/initrd1.img boot=live union=aufs ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general"<br>
240 ocs_live_extra_param="" ocs_live_keymap="" ocs_live_batch="no" ocs_lang="" vga=791 nolocales</p>
241 <!--empty-line-->
242 <p>The kernel used is <b>vmlinuz</b>, and anything after the word <b>append</b> is a boot parameter.</p>
243 <!--empty-line-->
244
245
246 <p>The following info comes from the page titled <a href="http://www.clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live/doc/fine-print.php?path=./99_Misc/00_live-initramfs-manual.doc#00_live-initramfs-manual.doc" target="_blank">The boot parameters for Clonezilla live</a>.</p>
247
248 <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
249 <!-- Clonezilla documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
250 <!--Clonezilla-Documentation-->
251 <div class="otherpage">Clonezilla live is based on <a target="_blank" href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLive/" >Debian live</a> with clonezilla installed. Therefore there are 2 kinds of boot parameters:
252 <ol>
253 <li>Boot parameters from live-initramfs. You can refer to this <a href="#live-initramfs">manual of live-initramfs</a>.
254 <li>Boot parameters specially for Clonezilla. All of them are named as "ocs_*", e.g. ocs_live_run, ocs_live_extra_param, ocs_live_batch, ocs_lang.
255 <ul>
256 <li>ocs_live_run is the main program to run in Clonezilla live to save or restore. or other command. Available program: ocs-live-general, ocs-live-restore or any command you write. Use the Absolute path in Clonezilla live.<br>
257 e.g. ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general"<br>
258 <font color="red">//NOTE// You might have to use "sudo" command inside your own script, or you can assign it like: ocs_live_run="sudo bash /my-clonezilla"</font><br>
259 <li>ocs_live_extra_param will be used only when ocs_live_run=ocs-live-restore (not for ocs-live-general or any other), then it will be passed to ocs-sr. Therefore these parameters are actually those of ocs-sr.<br>
260 e.g. ocs_live_extra_param="-b -c restoredisk sarge-r5 hda"
261 <li>ocs_live_keymap is for keymap used in Clonezilla live. Man install-keymap for more details.<br>
262 e.g. ocs_live_keymap="NONE" (won't change the default layout)<br>
263 ocs_live_keymap="/usr/share/keymaps/i386/azerty/fr-latin9.kmap.gz" (French keyboard)
264 <li>batch mode or not (yes/no), if no, will run interactively.<br>
265 e.g. ocs_live_batch="no"
266 <li>ocs_lang is the language used in Clonezilla live. Available value: en_US.UTF-8, zh_TW.UTF-8... (see $DRBL_SCRIPT_PATH/lang/bash/)
267 e.g. ocs_lang="en_US.UTF-8"
268 <li>ocs_debug (or ocs-debug) is for you to enter command line prompt before any clonezilla-related action is run. This is easier for you to debug.
269 <li>ocs_daemonon, ocs_daemonoff, ocs_numlk, ocs_capslk.<br>
270 Ex. for the first 2 parameters, ocs_daemonon="ssh", then ssh service will be turned on when booting. For the last 2 parameters, use "on" or "off", e.g. ocs_numlk=on to turn on numberlock when booting.
271 <li>ocs_prerun, ocs_prerun1, ocs_prerun2... is for you to run a shell script before Clonezilla is started. E.g. ocs_prerun="/live/image/myscript.sh". If you have more commands to run, you can assign them in the order: ocs_prerun=..., ocs_prerun1=..., ocs_prerun2=.... If more than 10 parameters, remember to use ocs_prerun01, ocs_prerun02..., ocs_prerun11 to make it in order.
272 <li>ocs_live_run_tty. This option allows you to specify the tty where $ocs_live_run is run. By default $ocs_live_run is run on /dev/tty1 only. (It was also on /dev/ttyS0 before, but since Clonezilla live >= 1.2.3-22 no more this due to a problem). If you want to use ttyS0, for example, add live-getty and console=ttyS0,38400n81 in the boot parameter.<br>
273 <font color=red>//NOTE//</font><br>
274 <ul>
275 <li>This parameter was added in Clonezilla live 1.2.3-22 or later.
276 <li>If "live-getty console=$tty,38400n81" are assigned in the boot parameters, ocs_live_run_tty will honor $tty, even other value is assigned to ocs_live_run_tty in boot parameter.
277 <li>It's recommended to assign ocs_lang and ocs_live_keymap in the boot parameters too.
278 </ul>
279 <li>ip, this option allows you to specify the network parameters for network card. In Clonezilla live a patched live-initramfs is used, which is different from the original live-initramfs so that you can assign DNS server, too. Its format is: ip=ethernet port,IP address, netmask, gateway, DNS. E.g. If you want to assing eth0 with IP address 10.0.100.1, netmask 255.255.255.0, gateway 10.0.100.254, DNS server 8.8.8.8, you can assign the following in the boot parameter:<br>
280 ip=eth0,10.0.100.1,255.255.255.0,10.0.100.254,8.8.8.8<br>
281 If more than one network card, you can use ":" to separate them, e.g.:<br>
282 ip=eth0,10.0.100.1,255.255.255.0,10.0.100.254,8.8.8.8:eth1,192.168.120.1,255.255.255.0,192.168.120.254,,<br>
283 <li>Besides, "live-netdev" (yes, not ocs_live_netdev) can be used when using PXE booting, you can force to assign the network device to get filesystem.squashfs. This is useful when there are two or more NICs are linked. E.g. live-netdev="eth1" allows you to force the live-initramfs to use eth1 to fetch the root file system filesystem.squashfs.
284 </ul>
285 </ol>
286 <hr>
287
288 With the above options, we have the following examples:
289 <ol>
290 <li>A PXE config example for you to boot Clonezilla live via PXE, and ssh service is on, the password of account "user" is assigned:<br>
291 ----------------------------------------<br>
292 label Clonezilla Live<br>
293 MENU LABEL Clonezilla Live<br>
294 MENU DEFAULT<br>
295 kernel vmlinuz1<br>
296 append initrd=initrd1.img boot=live union=aufs noswap noprompt vga=788 fetch=tftp://192.168.120.254/filesystem.squashfs usercrypted=bkuQxLqLRuDW6 ocs_numlk="on" ocs_daemonon="ssh"<br>
297 ----------------------------------------<br>
298
299 The usercrypted password is created by:<br>
300 echo YOUR_PASSWORD | mkpasswd -s<br>
301 ("mkpasswd" is from package "whois" in Debian or Ubuntu. Check your GNU/Linux to see which package provides this command if you are not using Debian or Ubuntu. Replace YOUR_PASSWORD with your plain text password, and remember do not put any " in the boot parameters of live-initramfs (while it's ok for those ocs_* boot parameters), i.e. do NOT use something like usercrypted="bkuQxLqLRuDW6").<br>
302 //NOTE// If you do not assign salt to mkpasswd, the encrypted password will not be the same every time you create it.<br>
303 For more about usercrypted discussion, please check the <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-live/2008/10/msg00020.html" target=_blank>here</a>.
304 <br><br>
305 <li>How to put your own binary driver in Clonezilla live without modifying /live/filesystem.squashfs:
306 <ul>
307 <li>Boot clonezilla live
308 <li>Become root by running "sudo su -"
309 <li>Copy the dir lsi, which contains a precompiled kernel module matching the running kernel in Clonezilla live and a script to run it, to a working dir, e.g.: <br>
310 cp -r /live/image/lsi /home/partimag
311 <li>cd /home/partimag
312 <li>/opt/drbl/sbin/ocs-live-dev -c -s -i lsi -u lsi -x "ocs_prerun=/live/image/lsi/prep-lsi.sh"
313 <li>/opt/drbl/sbin/ocs-iso -s -i lsi -u lsi -x "ocs_prerun=/live/image/lsi/prep-lsi.sh"
314 <li>///NOTE/// In this example, the 2 files in dir lsi are: megasr.ko (the binary driver) and prep-lsi.sh. The contents of prep-lsi.sh:
315 <pre>
316 ------------------------
317 #!/bin/bash
318 cp -f /live/image/lsi/megasr.ko /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/block/
319 chown root.root /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/block/megasr.ko
320 depmod -a modprobe megasr
321 sleep 1
322 ------------------------
323 </pre>
324 </ul>
325
326 <li>To put your customized script with a PXE version of Clonezilla live (You have to use Clonezilla live version 1.2.2-2 or later):<br>
327 In this example, we assume (1) The IP address of your PXE server is 192.168.120.254, (2) the customized script (custom-ocs-2) is put on your PXE server's tftpd root dir (E.g. On DRBL server, the path is /tftpboot/nbi_img/. It might be different in your case if you are not use DRBL server as a PXE server).<br>
328 Therefor your pxelinux.cfg/default file is like:
329 <p>------------------------<br>
330 label Clonezilla Live<br>
331 MENU DEFAULT<br>
332 # MENU HIDE<br>
333 MENU LABEL Clonezilla Live<br>
334 # MENU PASSWD<br>
335 kernel vmlinuz1<br>
336 append initrd=initrd1.img boot=live union=aufs noswap noprompt vga=788 ip=frommedia fetch=tftp://192.168.120.254/filesystem.squashfs ocs_prerun="busybox tftp -g -b 10240 -r custom-ocs-2 -l /tmp/custom-ocs-2 192.168.120.254" ocs_live_run="bash /tmp/custom-ocs-2" ocs_live_keymap="NONE" ocs_live_batch="no" ocs_lang="en_US.UTF-8" nolocales<br>
337 TEXT HELP<br>
338 Boot Clonezilla live via network<br>
339 ENDTEXT<br>
340 <p>------------------------<br>
341 The content of custom-ocs-2 can be like:
342 <pre>
343 ------------------------
344 #!/bin/bash
345 . /opt/drbl/sbin/drbl-conf-functions
346 . /opt/drbl/sbin/ocs-functions
347 . /etc/ocs/ocs-live.conf
348
349 # Load language file
350 ask_and_load_lang_set en_US.UTF-8
351
352 # 1. Mount the clonezilla image home.
353 # Types: local_dev, ssh_server, samba_server, nfs_server
354 prep-ocsroot -t nfs_server
355
356 # 2. Restore the image
357 if mountpoint /home/partimag/ &>/dev/null; then
358 ocs-sr -l en_US.UTF-8 -c -p choose restoredisk ask_user ask_user
359 else
360 [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_FAILURE
361 echo "Fail to find the Clonezilla image home /home/partimag!"
362 echo "Program terminated!"
363 [ "$BOOTUP" = "color" ] && $SETCOLOR_NORMAL
364 fi
365 ------------------------
366 </pre>
367 </li>
368 </ol>
369 </div>
370 <!-- End of copy/paste 3 -->
371
372 <H3><a name="live-initramfs"></a>live-initramfs manual <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#boot-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
373
374 <p>This is the manual of <a href="http://www.clonezilla.org/clonezilla-live/live-initramfs-param.php" target=_blank>live-initramfs</a>
375 <BR>
376 </p>
377
378 <!-- Please do not delete these comented lines-->
379 <!-- SysRescCD documentation section. Please use "update-boot-params" script to update -->
380 <!--initramfs-Documentation-->
381 <a name="live-initramfs"></a><div class="otherpage" style="overflow: auto;"><pre>
382 live-initramfs(7)
383 =================
384
385 Name
386 ----
387 live-initramfs - Debian Live initramfs hook
388
389 Synopsis
390 --------
391 BOOT=live
392
393 as kernel parameter at boot prompt.
394
395 Description
396 -----------
397
398 live-initramfs is a hook for the initramfs-tools, used to generate a initramfs
399 capable to boot live systems, such as those created by *live-helper*(7).
400 This includes the Debian Live isos, netboot tarballs, and usb stick images.
401
402 At boot time it will look for a (read-only) media containing a "/live"
403 directory where a root filesystems (often a compressed filesystem image like
404 squashfs) is stored. If found, it will create a writable environment, using
405 aufs, for Debian like systems to boot from.
406
407 You probably do not want to install this package onto a non-live system,
408 although it will do no harm.
409
410 live-initramfs is a fork of <a href="http://packages.ubuntu.com/casper/" target="_blank">casper</a>.
411 casper was originally written by Tollef Fog Heen &amp;lt;tfheen@canonical.com&amp;gt;
412 and Matt Zimmerman &amp;lt;mdz@canonical.com&amp;gt;.
413
414 Boot options
415 ------------
416
417 Here is the complete list of recognized boot parameters by live-initramfs.
418
419 access=*ACCESS*::
420
421 Set the accessibility level for physically or visually impared users. ACCESS
422 must be one of v1, v2, v3, m1, or m2. v1=lesser visual impairment, v2=moderate
423 visual impairment, v3=blindness, m1=minor motor difficulties, m2=moderate motor
424 difficulties.
425
426 console=*TTY,SPEED*::
427
428 Set the default console to be used with the "live-getty" option. Example:
429 "console=ttyS0,115200"
430
431 debug::
432
433 Makes initramfs boot process more verbose.
434
435 fetch=*URL*::
436
437 Another form of netboot by downloading a squashfs image from a given url,
438 copying to ram and booting it.
439
440 hostname=*HOSTNAME*, username=*USER*, userfullname=*USERFULLNAME*::
441
442 Those parameters lets you override values read from the config file.
443
444 ignore_uuid
445
446 Do not check that any UUID embedded in the initramfs matches the discovered
447 medium. live-initramfs may be told to generate a UUID by setting
448 LIVE_GENERATE_UUID=1 when building the initramfs.
449
450 integrity-check::
451
452 If specified, an MD5 sum is calculated on the live media during boot and
453 compared to the value found in md5sum.txt found in the root directory of the
454 live media.
455
456 ip=**[CLIENT_IP]:[SERVER_IP]:[GATEWAY_IP]:[NETMASK]:[HOSTNAME]:
457 [DEVICE]:[AUTOCONF] [,[CLIENT_IP]:[SERVER_IP]:[GATEWAY_IP]:[NETMASK]:[HOSTNAME]:
458 [DEVICE]:[AUTOCONF]]***::
459
460 Let you specify the name(s) and the options of the interface(s) that should be
461 configured at boot time. Do not specify this if you want to use dhcp (default).
462 It will be changed in a future release to mimick official kernel boot param
463 specification (e.g. ip=10.0.0.1::10.0.0.254:255.255.255.0::eth0,:::::eth1:dhcp).
464
465 ip[=**frommedia**]::
466
467 If this variable is set, dhcp and static configuration are just skipped and the
468 system will use the (must be) media-preconfigured /etc/network/interfaces
469 instead.
470
471 {keyb|kbd-chooser/method}=**KEYBOARD**, {klayout|console-setup/layoutcode}=**LAYOUT**,
472 {kvariant|console-setup/variantcode}=**VARIANT**, {kmodel|console-setup/modelcode}=
473 **CODE**, koptions=**OPTIONS**::
474
475 Configure the running keyboard as specified, if this one misses live-initramfs
476 behaves as if "keyb=us" was specified. It will be interfered from "locale=" if
477 locale is only 2 lowecase letters as a special case. You could also specify
478 console layout, variant, code, and options (no defaults).
479
480 live-getty::
481
482 This changes the auto-login on virtual terminals to use the (experimental)
483 live-getty code. With this option set the standard kernel argument "console=" is
484 parsed and if a serial console is specified then live-getty is used to autologin
485 on the serial console.
486
487 {live-media|bootfrom}=**DEVICE**::
488
489 If you specify one of this two equivalent forms, live-initramfs will first try
490 to find this device for the "/live" directory where the read-only root
491 filesystem should reside. If it did not find something usable, the normal scan
492 for block devices is performed.
493
494 {live-media-encryption|encryption}=**TYPE**::
495
496 live-initramfs will mount the encrypted rootfs TYPE, asking the passphrase,
497 useful to build paranoid live systems :-). TYPE supported so far are "aes" for
498 loop-aes encryption type.
499
500 live-media-offset=**BYTES**::
501
502 This way you could tell live-initramfs that your image starts at offset BYTES in
503 the above specified or autodiscovered device, this could be useful to hide the
504 Debian Live iso or image inside another iso or image, to create "clean" images.
505
506 live-media-path=**PATH**::
507
508 Sets the path to the live filesystem on the medium. By default, it is set to
509 '/live' and you should not change that unless you have customized your media
510 accordingly.
511
512 live-media-timeout=**SECONDS**::
513
514 Set the timeout in seconds for the device specified by "live-media=" to become
515 ready before giving up.
516
517 {locale|debian-installer/locale}=**LOCALE**::
518
519 Configure the running locale as specified, if not present the live-media rootfs
520 configured locale will be used and if also this one misses live-initramfs behave
521 as "locale=en_US.UTF-8" was specified. If only 2 lowercase letter are specified
522 (like "it"), the "maybe wanted" locale is generated (like en:EN.UTF-8), in this
523 case if also "keyb=" is unspecified is set with those 2 lowercase letters
524 (keyb=us). Beside that facility, only UTF8 locales are supported by
525 live-initramfs.
526
527 module=**NAME**::
528
529 Instead of using the default optional file "filesystem.module" (see below)
530 another file could be specified without the extension ".module"; it should be
531 placed on "/live" directory of the live medium.
532
533 netboot[=**nfs**|**cifs**]::
534
535 This tells live-initramfs to perform a network mount. The parameter "nfsroot="
536 (with optional "nfsopts="), should specify where is the location of the root
537 filesystem. With no args, will try cifs first, and if it fails nfs.
538
539 nfsopts=::
540
541 This lets you specify custom nfs options.
542
543 noautologin::
544
545 This parameter disables the automatic terminal login only, not touching gdk/kdm.
546
547 noxautologin::
548
549 This parameter disables the automatic login of gdm/kdm only, not touching
550 terminals.
551
552 nofastboot::
553
554 This parameter disables the default disabling of filesystem checks in
555 /etc/fstab. If you have static filesystems on your harddisk and you want them to
556 be checked at boot time, use this parameter, otherwise they are skipped.
557
558 nopersistent::
559
560 disables the "persistent" feature, useful if the bootloader (like syslinux) has
561 been installed with persistent enabled.
562
563 noprompt
564
565 Do not prompt to eject the CD on reboot.
566
567 nosudo::
568
569 This parameter disables the automatic configuration of sudo.
570
571 swapon::
572
573 This parameter enables usage of local swap partitions.
574
575 nouser::
576
577 This parameter disables the creation of the default user completely.
578
579 noxautoconfig::
580
581 This parameter disables Xorg auto-reconfiguration at boot time. This is valuable
582 if you either do the detection on your own, or, if you want to ship a custom,
583 premade xorg.conf in your live system.
584
585 persistent[=nofiles]::
586
587 live-initramfs will look for persistent and snapshot partitions or files labeled
588 "live-rw", "home-rw", and files called "live-sn*", "home-sn*" and will try to,
589 in order: mount as /cow the first, mount the second in /home, and just copy the
590 contents of the latter in appropriate locations (snapshots). Snapshots will be
591 tried to be updated on reboot/shutdown. Look at live-snapshot(1) for more
592 informations. If "nofiles" is specified, only filesystems with matching labels
593 will be searched; no filesystems will be traversed looking for archives or image
594 files. This results in shorter boot times.
595
596 {preseed/file|file}=**FILE**::
597
598 A path to a file present on the rootfs could be used to preseed debconf
599 database.
600
601 package/question=**VALUE**::
602
603 All debian installed packages could be preseeded from command-line that way,
604 beware of blanks spaces, they will interfere with parsing, use a preseed file in
605 this case.
606
607 quickreboot::
608
609 This option causes live-initramfs to reboot without attempting to eject the
610 media and without asking the user to remove the boot media.
611
612 showmounts::
613
614 This parameter will make live-initramfs to show on "/" the ro filesystems
615 (mostly compressed) on "/live". This is not enabled by default because could
616 lead to problems by applications like "mono" which store binary paths on
617 installation.
618
619 textonly
620
621 Start up to text-mode shell prompts, disabling the graphical user interface.
622
623 timezone=**TIMEZONE**::
624
625 By default, timezone is set to UTC. Using the timezone parameter, you can set it
626 to your local zone, e.g. Europe/Zurich.
627
628 todisk=**DEVICE**::
629
630 Adding this parameter, live-initramfs will try to copy the entire read-only
631 media to the specified device before mounting the root filesystem. It probably
632 needs a lot of free space. Subsequent boots should then skip this step and just
633 specify the "live-media=DEVICE" boot parameter with the same DEVICE used this
634 time.
635
636 toram::
637
638 Adding this parameter, live-initramfs will try to copy the whole read-only media
639 to the computer's RAM before mounting the root filesystem. This could need a lot
640 of ram, according to the space used by the read-only media.
641
642 union=**aufs**|**unionfs**::
643
644 By default, live-initramfs uses aufs. With this parameter, you can switch to
645 unionfs.
646
647 utc=**yes**|**no**::
648
649 By default, Debian systems do assume that the hardware clock is set to UTC. You
650 can change or explicitly set it with this parameter.
651
652 xdebconf::
653
654 Uses xdebconfigurator, if present on the rootfs, to configure X instead of the
655 standard procedure (experimental).
656
657 xvideomode=**RESOLUTION**::
658
659 Doesn't do xorg autodetection, but enforces a given resolution.
660
661 Files
662 -----
663
664 /etc/live.conf
665
666 Some variables can be configured via this config file (inside the live system).
667
668 /live/filesystem.module
669
670 This optional file (inside the live media) contains a list of white-space or
671 carriage-return-separated file names corresponding to disk images in the "/live"
672 directory. If this file exists, only images listed here will be merged into the
673 root aufs, and they will be loaded in the order listed here. The first entry
674 in this file will be the "lowest" point in the aufs, and the last file in
675 this list will be on the "top" of the aufs, directly below /cow. Without
676 this file, any images in the "/live" directory are loaded in alphanumeric order.
677
678 /etc/live-persistence.binds
679
680 This optional file (which resides in the rootfs system, not in the live media)
681 is used as a list of directories which not need be persistent: ie. their
682 content does not need to survive reboots when using the persistence features.
683
684 This saves expensive writes and speeds up operations on volatile data such as
685 web caches and temporary files (like e.g. /tmp and .mozilla) which are
686 regenerated each time. This is achieved by bind mounting each listed directory
687 with a tmpfs on the original path.
688
689
690 See also
691 --------
692
693 live-snapshot(1), initramfs-tools(8), live-helper(7), live-initscripts(7),
694 live-webhelper(7)
695
696 Bugs
697 ----
698
699 Report bugs against live-initramfs
700 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/live-initramfs" target="_blank">http://packages.qa.debian.org/live-initramfs</a>.
701
702 Homepage
703 --------
704
705 More information about the Debian Live project can be found at
706 <a href="http://debian-live.alioth.debian.org/" target="_blank">http://debian-live.alioth.debian.org/</a> and
707 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLive/" target="_blank">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLive/</a>.
708
709 Authors
710 -------
711
712 live-initramfs is maintained by Daniel Baumann &amp;lt;daniel@debian.org&amp;gt;
713 for the Debian project.
714
715 live-initramfs is a fork of <a href="http://packages.ubuntu.com/casper/" target="_blank">casper</a>.
716 casper was originally written by Tollef Fog Heen &amp;lt;tfheen@canonical.com&amp;gt;
717 and Matt Zimmerman &amp;lt;mdz@canonical.com&amp;gt;.
718 </pre>
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720
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