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- Fixing a misplaced cd command in usb.html
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78 <H2>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</H2>
79 <H3>Documentation: Installing on USB</H3>
80 <div style="margin:0; padding: 3px; width: 980; position relative;">
81 <div style="position: absolute; left: 0px;"><H4>25/02/2010 - v 3.1.0</H4></div>
82 <div style="position: absolute; right: 0px;"><H4>Last update: 01/03/2010</H4></div>
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103 <a name="usb-top"></a>
104
105
106 <!-- Intro -->
107
108 <H2 style="margin-top: 0;"><a name="usb-intro"></a>Installation to USB made easy <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
109 <p>Until recently installing <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> on a USB disk would not be such a great idea, because of its size. But since USB devices become cheaper and cheaper, it is an interesting alternative.<br><br>
110 <!--emty-line-->
111 Starting with <b>version 3.1.0</b>, <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> provides an iso file that's ISO-Hybrided. This means (as we read at <a href="http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/Doc/isolinux#HYBRID_CD-ROM.2FHARD_DISK_MODE" target="_blank">the isolynux site</a>) that</p>
112 <!--emty-line-->
113 <p class="otherpage">"the iso file can be booted from either CD-ROM or from a device which BIOS considers a hard disk or ZIP disk, e.g. a USB key or similar. This image can then be copied using any raw disk writing tool (on Unix systems, typically "dd" or "cat") to a USB disk, or written to a CD-ROM using standard CD burning tools.<br>
114 <br>
115 The ISO 9660 filesystem is encapsulated in a partition (which starts at offset zero, which may confuse some systems.) This makes it possible for the operating system, once booted, to use the remainder of the device for persistent storage by creating a second partition."</p>
116
117 <!--emty-line-->
118 <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr><td valign="top"><img src="images/important.png"></td><td>
119 Incorrect use of any raw disk writing tool could cause your<br> operating system (GNU/Linux / Windows) <b>not to boot</b>.<br><br> Confirm the command before you run it.<br></td></tr></table></div>
120
121 <p>So, from any linux box, assuming <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> iso file is in your home directory, and your USB device name is <b><font color="Green">sdc4</font></b>, you just execute the commands:</p>
122
123 <p class="newcode">umount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font><br>
124 dd if=~/clonezilla-sysresccd-full-mod-"myVersion".iso of=/dev/<font color="Green">sdc</font> bs=512</p>
125
126 <p>And that's it. Your usb device is ready to boot!!!</p>
127
128
129 <H2><a name="usb-hard"></a>Installing the "hard" way <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
130 <!--emty-line-->
131 <p>If the "easy" way does not work there is an alternative; you will use the <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> ISO file (or CD) to copy and modify a couple of files on the USB disk, and finally make it bootable, using <a href="http://syslinux.zytor.com" target="_blank">syslinux</a> and its configuration file <b>syslinux.cfg</b>.</p>
132 <!--emty-line-->
133 <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr><td valign="top"><img src="images/important.png"></td><td>
134 Incorrect use of syslinux could cause your operating system<br> (GNU/Linux / Windows) <b>not to boot</b>.<br><br> Confirm the command before you run it.<br></td></tr></table></div>
135 <!--emty-line-->
136 <p>The only thing that's important is that your USB disk must contain a VFAT (Windows 98 or DOS) file system. If this is not the case, refer to the section "<a href="#trouble">Troubleshooting</a>", to find out how you can format it, before copying files to it.<br><br>
137 <!--emty-line-->
138 The bootable USB disk creation procedure can be performed either from Linux or Windows.</p>
139 <!-- note -->
140 <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr><td valign="top"><img src="images/info.png"></td><td>
141 If you want to create a bootable USB flash drive for this version<br>
142 or later, remember to use the syslinux command from <b>syslinux<br>
143 3.71 or later</b>. Otherwise the boot menu won't work.</td></tr></table></div>
144 <!-- Installation from Linux -->
145 <H3><a name="linux"></a>Installation from Linux <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
146 <p>There are two ways you can proceed, if you are going to use Linux to perform the USB installation, either using a running linux box, or using <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b>.<br><br>
147 <!--emty-line-->
148 I will assume that you have saved <b>clonezilla-sysresccd-full-mod-3.1.0.iso</b> in your home directory (<b><font color="Green">~</font></b>).</p>
149 <!--emty-line-->
150 <H3><a name="lin-box"></a>Using a linux box [<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</H3>
151 <p>If you already have a linux box up and running, you can use it to create your <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> USB, without even having to burn it to CD beforehand. The only thing here is that you have to have <a href="http://syslinux.zytor.com" target="_blank">syslinux</a> installed.<br><br>
152 <!--emty-line-->
153 I will assume that your CD drive is <b>/dev/<font color="Green">sr0</font></b> and that your USB device is <b>/dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></b>. You may have to change any of them to reflect your system configuration.<br><br>
154 <!--emty-line-->
155 Boot into linux, connect your USB device and execute the following commands:</p>
156 <p class="newcode">mkdir /mnt/mycd<br>
157 mount <font color="Green">~</font>/clonezilla-sysresccd-full-mod-3.1.0.iso /mnt/mycd -o loop<br>
158 mkdir /mnt/usbdevice<br>
159 mount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font> /mnt/usbdevice<br>
160 cp -r /mnt/mycd/* /mnt/usbdevice<br>
161 umount /mnt/mycd; rmdir /mnt/mycd<br>
162 cd /mnt/usbdevice<br>
163 cp syslinux/*.cfg isolinux<br>
164 cp syslinux/*.png isolinux<br>
165 rm -rf syslinux<br>
166 mv isolinux syslinux</p>
167 <!--emty-line-->
168 <div align="center"><table class="note" border="0" cellpadding="20"><tr><td valign="top"><img src="images/important.png"></td><td>
169 Since you are using any linux box to complete this procedure,<br>you have to use the syslinux installation provided by this linux box.<br><br>Otherwise, you will probably end up with an unbootable device...</td></tr></table></div>
170
171 <p>First thing you have to do is find where syslinux is installed. The best way to do that is look for a file named <b>vesamenu.c32</b>. You can use locate, find, or any other distribution specific tool for that. In Debian (and its derivatives like Ubuntu, LMDE etc.) this file is under <font color="Green"><b>/usr/lib/syslinux</b></font>, so I'll just use that for the following code.</p>
172
173 <p class="newcode">cd syslinux<br>
174 for f in *.c32<br>
175 do<br>
176 cp -v <font color="Green"><b>/usr/lib/syslinux</b></font>/$f .<br>
177 done<br>
178 cd ..</p>
179
180 <p>In either case, unmount the device and delete the mount point (directory).</p>
181
182 <p class="newcode">cd; umount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font><br>
183 rmdir /mnt/usbdevice</p>
184 <!--emty-line-->
185 <p>Finally make your USB device bootable, by executing</p>
186 <p class="newcode">syslinux /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></p>
187 <p>and you are done.</p>
188 <!--emty-line-->
189 <H4><a name="lin-sys"></a>Using Clonezilla-SysRescCD [<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</H4>
190 <p>If you already burnt <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> to CD, you can use it to create your <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> USB.<br><br>
191 <!--emty-line-->
192 I will assume that your CD drive is <b>/dev/<font color="Green">sr0</font></b> and that your USB device is <b>/dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></b>. You may have to change any of them to reflect your system configuration.<br><br>
193 <!--emty-line-->
194 Boot <b>SystemRescueCD </b> using the option <b>To RAM</b>, and when it is fully loaded, execute the following commands:</p>
195 <p class="newcode">mkdir /mnt/mycd<br>
196 mount /dev/<font color="Green">sr0</font> /mnt/mycd <br>
197 mkdir /mnt/usbdevice<br>
198 mount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font> /mnt/usbdevice<br>
199 cp -rv /mnt/mycd/* /mnt/usbdevice<br>
200 umount /mnt/mycd<br>
201 cd /mnt/usbdevice<br>
202 cp syslinux/*.cfg isolinux<br>
203 cp syslinux/*.png isolinux<br>
204 rm -rf syslinux<br>
205 mv isolinux syslinux<br>
206 cd; umount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></p>
207 <!--emty-line-->
208 <p>Finally make your USB device bootable, by executing</p>
209 <p class="newcode">syslinux /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></p>
210 <p>and you are done.</p>
211
212
213 <!-- Installation from Windows -->
214 <H3><a name="windows"></a>Installation from Windows <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
215 <p>Installing <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> from Windows is as easy as it is in Linux. You have to burn <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> to CD or use a CD/DVD ROM emulator software like <a href="http://www.daemon-tools.cc/dtcc/announcements.php" target="_blank">Daemon Tools</a> to mount the ISO file.<br><br>
216 <!--emty-line-->
217 I will assume that your USB device is drive <b><font color="Green">K:</font></b> and your CD drive or mounted ISO file is drive
218 <b><font color="Green">D:</font></b>. You may have to change any of them, in order to reflect your system configuration.<br><br>
219
220 You will have to</p>
221
222 <ul>
223 <li>Copy all files from drive <b><font color="Green">D:</font></b> (CD or mounted ISO file) to drive <b><font color="Green">K:</font></b> (USB disk)</li>
224 <li>Copy <b><u>all</u> cfg</b> files from <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>syslinux</b> to <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>isolinux</b></li>
225 <li>Copy <b><u>all</u> png</b> files from <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>syslinux</b> to <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>isolinux</b></li>
226 <li>Delete the folder <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>syslinux</b></li>
227 <li>Rename <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>isolinux</b> to <b><font color="Green">K:\</font>syslinux</b></li>
228 </ul>
229 <p>Now all you have to do is make your USB disk bootable. In order to do that you have to open a DOS window (in Windows XP press "<b>Start / Run </b>" and type <b>cmd</b>). Then type at DOS prompt:</p>
230 <p class="newcode"><font color="Green">K:</font><br>
231 cd utils/bootprog<br>
232 syslinux -ma <font color="Green">K:</font></p>
233
234 <!-- Booting from USB -->
235 <H3><a name="booting"></a>Booting from USB <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
236 <p>Before trying to boot from your USB device, you have to set your boot device at your BIOS. This means you have to reboot having your USB device connected, get into your BIOS (usually pressing DEL) and make the appropriate settings in the BOOT section.<br><br>
237 <!--emty-line-->
238 Booting <b>Clonezilla Live</b> should not be a problem. Just select the desired option and press ENTER to boot.<br><br>
239 <!--emty-line-->
240 Booting <b>SystemRescueCD</b> has been made equally simple with <b>SystemRescueCD v 1.0.0</b>, so you shouldn't have any problem (option <b>cdroot</b> is not required any more).<br><br>
241 <!--emty-line-->
242 If you have any problems here, you may try adding any of these boot parameters:</p>
243 <p class="newcode">usbstick<br>
244 doscsi</p>
245
246
247
248
249 <!-- Troubleshooting -->
250 <H3><a name="trouble"></a>Troubleshooting <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
251 <p>Whether you can successfully boot from a USB disk or not, depends mainly on your BIOS. Chances are that you will not be able to boot on an old computer, with an old (and possibly buggy) BIOS. So I would recommend testing your <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD USB</b> on a new computer.</p>
252 <ul>
253 <li><p style="margin-left: 0;"><b>I can't boot (I don't even see the splash screen)</b><br>
254 or <b>Clonezilla Live does not boot</b><br>
255 <!--emty-line-->
256 The first thing you should do is double check your BIOS settings. Reboot having your USB device connected, get into your BIOS (usually pressing DEL) and make the appropriate settings in the BOOT section.<br><br>
257 <!--emty-line-->
258 If you are on linux, check that the partition on the USB disk is active (bootable), executing:</p>
259 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">fdisk -l /dev/<font color="Green">sdc</font></p>
260 <p style="margin-left: 0;">You should get something similar to this:</p>
261 <!--emty-line-->
262
263 <p class="newcode">
264 Disk <font color="Green">/dev/sdc</font>: 4043 MB, 4043309056 bytes<br>
265 125 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1018 cylinders, total 7897088 sectors<br>
266 Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes<br>
267 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
268 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
269 Disk identifier: 0x596bbd85<br>
270 <br>
271 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Device&nbsp;<font color="Red">Boot</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Id&nbsp;&nbsp;System<br>
272 /dev/sdc1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color="Red">*</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;63&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1461914&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;730926&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b&nbsp;&nbsp;W95&nbsp;FAT32
273 </p>
274 <!--emty-line-->
275 <p style="margin-left: 0;"><br>If the partition is not active (<b>no asterisk</b>), execute:</p>
276 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">fdisk /dev/<font color="Green">sdc</font></p>
277 <p style="margin-left: 0;">and issue "Command: " <b>a</b> (toggle a bootable flag) and "Partition number:" <b><font color="Green">4</font></b> (for <b>/dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></b>).<br><br>
278 <!--emty-line-->
279 If you are on Windows, this is taken care of by syslinux (parameters -ma).<br><br>
280 <!--emty-line-->
281 If you still have problems booting, you should try to execute</p>
282 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">syslinux -s /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></p>
283 <p style="margin-left: 0;">from Linux, or</p>
284 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">syslinux -sma <font color="Green">K:</font></p>
285 <p style="margin-left: 0;">from Windows (from folder <b><font color="Green">K:</font>syslinux</b>).<br><br>
286 <!--emty-line-->
287 syslinux man page reads:</p>
288 <!--emty-line-->
289 <p class="otherpage" style="margin-left: 0px;"><b>(Option) -s</b><br>
290 Install a "safe, slow and stupid" version of syslinux. This version may work <br>
291 on some very buggy BIOSes on which syslinux would otherwise fail. If you find <br>
292 a machine on which the -s option is required to make it boot reliably, please <br>
293 send as much info about your machine as you can, and include the failure mode.</p></li>
294 <!--emty-line-->
295 <li><p style="margin-left: 0;"><b>I still can't boot</b><br>
296 In this case you will have to format your USB disk.<br><br>
297 <!--emty-line-->
298 If you are using linux to perform the installation, execute the command:</p>
299 <!--emty-line-->
300 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">mkdosfs -F 16 /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></p>
301 <!--emty-line-->
302 <p style="margin-left: 0;">to create a FAT16 file system, or</p>
303 <!--emty-line-->
304 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">mkdosfs -F 32 /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font></p>
305 <!--emty-line-->
306 <p style="margin-left: 0;">to create a FAT32 file system.<br><br>
307 <!--emty-line-->
308 When you are done go back to section "<a href="#linux">Installation from Linux</a>".<br><br>
309 <!--emty-line-->
310 If you are on Windows, you should download the <a href="http://h50178.www5.hp.com/local_drivers/17550/SP27608.exe" target="_blank">HP-USB Format tool</a>, install it and format your USB drive using the Fat or Fat32 option. This program can be used to format USB devices that won't boot properly when formatted with Windows format tool.<br><br>
311 <!--emty-line-->
312 When you are done go back to section "<a href="#windows">Installation from Windows</a>".</p></li>
313 <!--emty-line-->
314 <li><b>I still can't boot (after formating)</b><br>
315 Things are getting tough!!! Try to format your USB disk using the option you did not use previously. So, if you have created a FAT32 file system, create a FAT16 file system this time, and recreate <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD</b> on USB.<br><br>
316 <!--emty-line-->
317 If nothing works, you are out of luck; you will not be able to use <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD USB</b> on this computer... If you do manage to boot it, please <a href="mailto:&#115;&#110;&#103;&#064;&#104;&#101;&#108;&#108;&#117;&#103;&#046;&#103;&#114;?subject=Success booting Clonezilla-SysRescCD v 3.1.0 USB">send me</a> a message.</li>
318 <!--emty-line-->
319 <li><b>SystemRescueCD does not boot</b><br>
320 Ok, you have managed to get to the splash screen and successfully booted <b>Clonezilla Live</b>. But you still can't boot <b>SystemRescueCD</b>.<br><br>
321 <!--emty-line-->
322 Refer to section <a href="#booting">Booting from USB</a> to find out the boot parameters you can use with <b>SystemRescueCD</b>.
323 </li>
324 </ul>
325
326
327 <!-- Customizing sysresc.cfg -->
328 <H3><a name="cfg"></a>Customizing sysresc.cfg <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H3>
329 <p>As stated previously, <b>Clonezilla-SysRescCD USB</b> is booted by <b>syslinux</b> through its configuration file <b>syslinux.cfg</b>. This file loads <b>sysresc.cfg</b> in order to boot <b>SystemRescueCD</b>.<br><br>
330 <!--emty-line-->
331 If you have to specify any additional boot parameters for <b>SystemRescueCD</b>, you may want to write these changes to the configuration file, so that you don't have to insert them by hand every time.<br><br>
332 <!--emty-line-->
333 The procedure to do that is the following:<br><br>
334 <!--emty-line-->
335 Boot <b>SystemRescueCD</b> (or if that's not possible yet, boot <b>Clonezilla Live</b> and get to the command line) using the option <b>To RAM</b>, and when it is fully loaded, execute the following commands:</p>
336 <p class="newcode">mkdir /mnt/usbdevice<br>
337 mount /dev/<font color="Green">[device]</font> /mnt/usbdevice <br>
338 cd /mnt/usbdevice<br>
339 cp sysresc.cfg sysresc.bak<br>
340 sed 's|<font color="Red">scandelay=5</font>|<font color="Red">scandelay=<font color="Green">x</font> [additional params]</font>|' \<br>
341 sysresc.cfg &gt; sys.cfg<br>
342 mv sys.cfg sysresc.cfg<br>
343 cd; umount /dev/<font color="Green">[device]</font><br>
344 syslinux /dev/<font color="Green">[device]</font><br>
345 reboot</p>
346 <!--emty-line-->
347 <p>where <b><font color="Green">x</font></b> is a number from 1 to 10.</p>
348 <!--emty-line-->
349 <p>After executing these commands, you will have a new <b>sysresc.cfg</b> file, and a backup file called <b>sysresc.bak</b> (in case things go wrong).<br><br>
350 <!--emty-line-->
351 If, for example, you want to increase the device scan delay to maximum, the above commands would become:</p>
352 <p class="newcode">mkdir /mnt/usbdevice<br>
353 mount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc1</font> /mnt/usbdevice <br>
354 cd /mnt/usbdevice<br>
355 cp sysresc.cfg sysresc.bak<br>
356 sed 's|<font color="Red">scandelay=5</font>|<font color="Red">scandelay=<font color="Green">10</font></font>|' sysresc.cfg &gt; sys.cfg<br>
357 mv sys.cfg sysresc.cfg<br>
358 cd; umount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc1</font><br>
359 syslinux /dev/<font color="Green">sdc1</font><br>
360 reboot</p>
361 <!--emty-line-->
362 <p>If, in addition to that, you had to use the boot parameter <b><font color="Red">usbstick</font></b>, then it would be:</p>
363 <p class="newcode">mkdir /mnt/usbdevice<br>
364 mount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc1</font> /mnt/usbdevice <br>
365 cd /mnt/usbdevice<br>
366 cp sysresc.cfg sysresc.bak<br>
367 sed 's|<font color="Red">scandelay=5</font>|<font color="Red">scandelay=<font color="Green">10</font> usbstick</font>|' sysresc.cfg &gt; sys.cfg<br>
368 mv sys.cfg sysresc.cfg<br>
369 cd; umount /dev/<font color="Green">sdc1</font><br>
370 syslinux /dev/<font color="Green">sdc1</font><br>
371 reboot</p>
372 <!--emty-line-->
373 <p>In case something goes wrong with your new settings, you can always rename <b>sysresc.bak</b> to <b>sysresc.cfg</b>, either from linux or Windows.</p>
374
375
376 <H2><a name="usb-free-space"></a>Using the extra space <span class="hideprint">[<a href="#usb-top" title="go to top of the page">^</a>]</span></H2>
377
378 <p>
379 If your usb device is more than 450MB in size, the above procedure will leave the remaining space unused. To verify it, execute the command:
380 </p>
381 <p class="newcode" style="margin-left: 0;">fdisk -l /dev/<font color="Green">sdc</font></p>
382
383 <p style="margin-left: 0;">You should get something similar to this:</p>
384 <!--emty-line-->
385
386 <p class="newcode">
387 Disk /dev/sdc: 4043 MB, 4043309056 bytes<br>
388 125 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1018 cylinders, total 7897088 sectors<br>
389 Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes<br>
390 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
391 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
392 Disk identifier: 0x596bbd85<br>
393 <br>
394 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Device&nbsp;Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Id&nbsp;&nbsp;System<br>
395 /dev/sdc1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;63&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1461914&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;730926&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b&nbsp;&nbsp;W95&nbsp;FAT32
396
397 </p>
398 <p>
399 As you can see, we are currently using 1461914 out of 7897088 sectors of the disk. The remaining disk space (~3GB) can still be used, to save backups, for example, executing the following commands<!--not-on-txt--> (user input is displayed in <font color="magenta">magenta</font>, comments are in <font color="#990000">brown</font>)<!--end-not-on-txt-->:
400 </p>
401
402 <p class="newcode">
403 # fdisk /dev/<font color="green">sdc</font><br>
404 command (m for help): <font color="magenta">n</font> <font color="#990000">(create new partition)</font><br>
405 command action<br>
406 e extended<br>
407 p primary partition (1-4)<br>
408 <font color="magenta">p</font><br>
409 partition number (1-4): <font color="magenta">4</font> <font color="#990000">(create partition sdc4)</font><br>
410 First sector (1461915-7897087, default 1461915): <br>
411 using default value 1461915<br>
412 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (1461915-7897087, default 7897087): <br>
413 using default value 7897087<br>
414 <br>
415 command (m for help): <font color="magenta">p</font> <font color="#990000">(display partition table)</font><br>
416 <br>
417 Disk /dev/sdd: 4043 MB, 4043309056 bytes<br>
418 125 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1018 cylinders, total 7897088 sectors<br>
419 Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes<br>
420 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
421 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
422 Disk identifier: 0x596bbd85<br>
423 <br>
424 /dev/sdc1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;63&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1461914&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;730926&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b&nbsp;&nbsp;W95&nbsp;FAT32
425 /dev/sdc4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1461915&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7897087&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3217586+&nbsp;&nbsp;83&nbsp;&nbsp;Linux
426 <br>
427 <br>
428 command (m for help): <font color="magenta">t</font> <font color="#990000">(change partition type)</font><br>
429 partition number (1-4): <font color="magenta">4</font><br>
430 hex code (type l to list codes): <font color="magenta">b</font><br>
431 changed system type of partition 4 to b (W95 FAT32)<br>
432 <br>
433 command (m for help): <font color="magenta">p</font> <font color="#990000">(display partition table)</font><br>
434 <br>
435 Disk /dev/sdd: 4043 MB, 4043309056 bytes<br>
436 125 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1018 cylinders, total 7897088 sectors<br>
437 Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes<br>
438 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
439 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>
440 Disk identifier: 0x596bbd85<br>
441 <br>
442 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;device&nbsp;boot&nbsp;&nbsp;start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;end&nbsp;&nbsp;blocks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;id&nbsp;&nbsp;system<br>
443 /dev/sdc1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;63&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1461914&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;730926&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b&nbsp;&nbsp;W95&nbsp;FAT32
444 /dev/sdc4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1461915&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7897087&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3217586+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b&nbsp;&nbsp;W95&nbsp;FAT32<br>
445 <br>
446 command (m for help): <font color="magenta">w</font> <font color="#990000">(write partition table to disk and exit)</font><br>
447 The partition table has been altered!<br>
448 <br>
449 Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.<br>
450 <br>
451 WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.<br>
452 The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at<br>
453 the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)<br>
454 Syncing disks.
455 </p>
456 <!--emty-line-->
457 <p>
458 At this point you should disconnect and reconnect your usb device. When it's recognised, you can format the partition you've just created
459 </p>
460 <!--emty-line-->
461 <p class="newcode">
462 mkdosfs -F 32 /dev/<font color="Green">sdc4</font>
463 </p>
464 <!--emty-line-->
465 <p>
466 The partition is now ready for use!!!
467 </p>
468 </div>
469
470
471
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474 <p>Copyright: &#169; <a href="mailto:&#115;&#110;&#103;&#064;&#104;&#101;&#108;&#108;&#117;&#103;&#046;&#103;&#114;?subject=About Clonezilla-SysRescCD v 3.1.0">Spiros Georgaras</a>, 2007-2010<br /><br/>
475 Hosted by <a href="http://www.hellug.gr" target="_blank" title="Hellenic Linux User Group">HEL.L.U.G.</a></p>
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